```
Atom 简介
```
Introduction to Atom
原始链接: https://validator.w3.org/feed/docs/atom.html
## Atom：一种网络内容聚合格式
Atom 是一种基于 XML 的格式，用于发布和编辑网络内容，特别是对于经常更新的网站（如博客）。它定义了一种标准方式，让网站向读者分发更新——被称为“订阅源”，确保不同平台之间的兼容性。
Atom 订阅源是结构化的 XML 文档，遵循 `http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom` 命名空间，并使用 RFC 3339 用于时间戳。一个订阅源包含元数据（标题、更新日期、作者）和一系列“条目”——单个文章或帖子。
订阅源中的关键元素包括 `` 用于唯一标识，``，`<updated>` 和 `<author>`。条目包括 `<id>`，`<title>`，`<updated>`，`<summary>`，并且还可以包含完整的 `<content>`。链接 (`<link>`) 至关重要，用于指定关系，例如“self”（订阅源本身）或“alternate”（HTML 版本）。
Atom 具有可扩展性，允许包含来自其他命名空间的元素，使其与现有格式（如 RSS）兼容。它通过可选元素（如 `<category>`，`<contributor>` 以及详细的内容/链接规范）提供灵活性。
</p>
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<div class='h5 mt-2 mb-2'>相关文章</div>
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<div class='content'>
<div class='h5 mt-2 mb-2'>原文</div>
<div id="main" readability="175.64239365537">
<h2>Contents</h2>
<h2>What is Atom?<a id="whatIsAtom" name="whatIsAtom"/></h2>
<p>Atom is the name of an XML-based Web content and metadata syndication format, and an application-level protocol for publishing and editing Web resources belonging to periodically updated websites.</p>
<p>All Atom feeds must be well-formed <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-xml">XML</a> documents, and are identified with the <code>application/atom+xml</code> media type.</p>
<h3>About this document<a id="aboutThisDocument" name="aboutThisDocument"> </a></h3>
<p>This document focuses on
<a href="rfc4287.html">The Atom Syndication Format</a>
produced by the
<a href="http://www.ietf.org/" title="Internet Engineering Task Force">IETF</a>
<a href="http://www.ietf.org/html.charters/atompub-charter.html">AtomPub Working Group</a>. In the event that this document differs from the Internet Draft, the Internet Draft is to be considered authoritative.</p>
<p>General considerations:</p>
<ul>
<li>All elements described in this document must be in the <a href="http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom">http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom</a> namespace.</li>
<li>All timestamps in Atom must conform to <a href="http://www.faqs.org/rfcs/rfc3339.html">RFC 3339</a>.</li>
<li>Unless otherwise specified, all values must be plain text (i.e., no entity-encoded html).</li>
<li><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-xml/#sec-lang-tag"><code>xml:lang</code></a> may be used to identify the language of any human readable text.</li>
<li><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/xmlbase/"><code>xml:base</code></a> may be used to control how relative <abbr title="Universal Resource Identifier">URI</abbr>s are resolved.</li>
</ul>
<h3>Sample feed<a id="sampleFeed" name="sampleFeed"> </a></h3>
<pre><?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<feed xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom">
<title>Example Feed</title>
<link href="http://example.org/"/>
<updated>2003-12-13T18:30:02Z</updated>
<author>
<name>John Doe</name>
</author>
<id>urn:uuid:60a76c80-d399-11d9-b93C-0003939e0af6</id>
<entry>
<title>Atom-Powered Robots Run Amok</title>
<link href="http://example.org/2003/12/13/atom03"/>
<id>urn:uuid:1225c695-cfb8-4ebb-aaaa-80da344efa6a</id>
<updated>2003-12-13T18:30:02Z</updated>
<summary>Some text.</summary>
</entry>
</feed>
</pre>
<h2>Elements of <feed></h2>
A Feed consists of some metadata, followed by any number of entries.
<h3>Required feed elements<a id="requiredFeedElements" name="requiredFeedElements"> </a></h3>
<p>Here's a list of the required feed elements, each with a brief description, and an example.</p>
<table cellspacing="10">
<tbody readability="6.5"><tr>
<th>Element</th>
<th>Description</th>
</tr>
<tr readability="7">
<td valign="top">id</td>
<td valign="top" readability="5">Identifies the feed using a universally unique and permanent
<abbr title="Universal Resource Identifier">URI</abbr>.
If you have a long-term, renewable lease on your Internet domain name,
then you can feel free to use your website's address.
<pre><id>http://example.com/</id></pre></td>
</tr>
<tr readability="5.5">
<td valign="top">title</td>
<td valign="top" readability="6">Contains a human readable title for the feed. Often the same
as the title of the associated website. This value should not be blank.
<pre><title>Example, Inc.</title></pre></td>
</tr>
<tr readability="4">
<td valign="top">updated</td>
<td valign="top" readability="5">Indicates the last time the feed was modified in a
significant way.
<pre><updated>2003-12-13T18:30:02Z</updated></pre></td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<h3>Recommended feed elements<a id="recommendedFeedElements" name="recommendedFeedElements"> </a></h3>
Atom makes a number of additional requirements and recommendations for feed elements that you should to be aware of. They are as follows:
<table cellspacing="10">
<tbody readability="4.4412724306688"><tr>
<th>Element</th>
<th>Description</th>
</tr>
<tr readability="6.4235294117647">
<td valign="top">author</td>
<td valign="top" readability="5.9279279279279">Names one author of the feed. A feed may have multiple
<code>author</code> elements. A feed must contain at least one
<code>author</code> element unless <b>all</b> of the <code>entry</code>
elements contain at least one <code>author</code> element. More
info <a href="#person">here</a>.
<pre><author>
<name>John Doe</name>
<email>JohnDoe@example.com</email>
<uri>http://example.com/~johndoe</uri>
</author></pre></td>
</tr>
<tr readability="4.9206349206349">
<td valign="top">link</td>
<td valign="top" readability="4.919028340081">Identifies a related Web page. The type of relation is defined by the <code>rel</code> attribute. A feed is limited to one <code>alternate</code> per <code>type</code> and <code>hreflang</code>. A feed should contain a link back to the feed itself. More info <a href="#link">here</a>.
<pre><link rel="self" href="/feed" /></pre></td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<h3>Optional feed elements<a id="optionalFeedElements" name="optionalFeedElements"> </a></h3>
<p>Here's a list of optional feed elements.</p>
<table cellspacing="10">
<tbody readability="12.321587867975"><tr>
<th>Element</th>
<th>Description</th>
</tr>
<tr readability="3.886524822695">
<td valign="top">category</td>
<td valign="top" readability="4.8484848484848">Specifies a category that the feed belongs to. A <code>feed</code> may have multiple <code>category</code> elements. More info <a href="#category">here</a>.
<pre><category term="sports"/></pre></td>
</tr>
<tr readability="3.9036144578313">
<td valign="top">contributor</td>
<td valign="top" readability="4.8701298701299">Names one contributor to the feed. An feed may have multiple contributor elements. More info <a href="#person">here</a>.
<pre><contributor>
<name>Jane Doe</name>
</contributor></pre></td>
</tr>
<tr readability="6">
<td valign="top">generator</td>
<td valign="top" readability="5">Identifies the software used to generate the feed, for debugging and other purposes. Both the <abbr title="Uniform Resource Identifier">uri</abbr> and <code>version</code> attributes are optional.
<pre><generator uri="/myblog.php" version="1.0">
Example Toolkit
</generator></pre></td>
</tr>
<tr readability="3">
<td valign="top">icon</td>
<td valign="top">Identifies a small image which provides iconic visual identification for the feed. Icons should be square.
<pre><icon>/icon.jpg</icon></pre></td>
</tr>
<tr readability="3">
<td valign="top">logo</td>
<td valign="top">Identifies a larger image which provides visual identification for the feed. Images should be twice as wide as they are tall.
<pre><logo>/logo.jpg</logo></pre></td>
</tr>
<tr readability="5.8235294117647">
<td valign="top">rights</td>
<td valign="top" readability="4.8449612403101">Conveys information about rights, e.g. copyrights, held in and over the feed. More info <a href="#text">here</a>.
<pre><rights> © 2005 John Doe </rights></pre></td>
</tr>
<tr readability="3.8888888888889">
<td valign="top">subtitle</td>
<td valign="top" readability="4.8518518518519">Contains a human-readable description or subtitle for the feed. More info <a href="#text">here</a>.
<pre><subtitle>all your examples are belong to us</subtitle></pre></td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<h2>Elements of <entry></h2>
An example of an entry would be a single post on a weblog.
<h3>Required Elements of <entry><a id="requiredEntryElements" name="requiredEntryElements"> </a></h3>
<p>Here's a list of the required feed elements, each with a brief description, and an example.</p>
<table cellspacing="10">
<tbody readability="6.4637377963738"><tr>
<th>Element</th>
<th>Description</th>
</tr>
<tr readability="4.9280575539568">
<td valign="top">id</td>
<td valign="top" readability="4.9272727272727">Identifies the entry using a universally unique and permanent
<abbr title="Universal Resource Identifier">URI</abbr>.
Suggestions on how to make a good id can be found
<a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110926231958/http://diveintomark.org/archives/2004/05/28/howto-atom-id">here</a>.
Two entries in a feed can have the same value for id if they represent the
same entry at different points in time.
<pre><id>http://example.com/blog/1234</id></pre></td>
</tr>
<tr readability="4">
<td valign="top">title</td>
<td valign="top" readability="5">Contains a human readable title for the entry.
This value should not be blank.
<pre><title>Atom-Powered Robots Run Amok</title></pre></td>
</tr>
<tr readability="7">
<td valign="top">updated</td>
<td valign="top" readability="5">Indicates the last time the entry was modified in a
significant way. This value need not change after a typo is fixed, only
after a substantial modification. Generally, different entries in a feed
will have different updated timestamps.
<pre><updated>2003-12-13T18:30:02-05:00</updated></pre></td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<h3>Recommended elements of <entry><a id="recommendedEntryElements" name="recommendedEntryElements"> </a></h3>
Atom makes a number of additional requirements and recommendations for entry elements that you should to be aware of. They are as follows:
<table cellspacing="10">
<tbody readability="11.336444444444"><tr>
<th>Element</th>
<th>Description</th>
</tr>
<tr readability="5.9210526315789">
<td valign="top">author</td>
<td valign="top" readability="4.9326599326599">Names one author of the entry. An entry
may have multiple authors. An entry must contain at least one
<code>author</code> element unless there is an <code>author</code> element
in the enclosing <code>feed</code>, or there is an <code>author</code> element
in the enclosed <code>source</code> element.
More info <a href="#person">here</a>.
<pre><author>
<name>John Doe</name>
</author></pre></td>
</tr>
<tr readability="5.8914027149321">
<td valign="top">content</td>
<td valign="top" readability="4.906103286385">Contains or links to the complete content of the entry. Content must be provided if there is no <code>alternate</code> link, and should be provided if there is no <code>summary</code>. More info <a href="#content">here</a>.
<pre><content>complete story here</content></pre></td>
</tr>
<tr readability="4.9283154121864">
<td valign="top">link</td>
<td valign="top" readability="4.9270072992701">Identifies a related Web page. The type of relation is defined by the <code>rel</code> attribute. An entry is limited to one <code>alternate</code> per <code>type</code> and <code>hreflang</code>. An entry must contain an <code>alternate</code> link if there is no <code>content</code> element. More info <a href="#link">here</a>.
<pre><link rel="alternate" href="/blog/1234"/></pre></td>
</tr>
<tr readability="9.8657718120805">
<td valign="top">summary</td>
<td valign="top" readability="4.9310344827586">Conveys a short summary, abstract, or excerpt of the entry. Summary should be provided if there either is no content provided for the entry, or that content is not inline (i.e., contains a src attribute), or if the content is encoded in base64. More info <a href="#text">here</a>.
<pre><summary>Some text.</summary></pre></td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<h3>Optional elements of <entry><a id="optionalEntryElements" name="optionalEntryElements"> </a></h3>
<p>Here's a list of optional feed elements.</p>
<table cellspacing="10">
<tbody readability="8.8706586826347"><tr>
<th>Element</th>
<th>Description</th>
</tr>
<tr readability="3.891156462585">
<td valign="top">category</td>
<td valign="top" readability="4.8550724637681">Specifies a category that the entry belongs to. A <code>entry</code> may have multiple <code>category</code> elements. More info <a href="#category">here</a>.
<pre><category term="technology"/></pre></td>
</tr>
<tr readability="3.9047619047619">
<td valign="top">contributor</td>
<td valign="top" readability="4.8717948717949">Names one contributor to the entry. An entry may have multiple <code>contributor</code> elements. More info <a href="#person">here</a>.
<pre><contributor>
<name>Jane Doe</name>
</contributor></pre></td>
</tr>
<tr readability="4">
<td valign="top">published</td>
<td valign="top" readability="5">Contains the time of the initial creation or first availability of the entry.
<pre><published>2003-12-13T09:17:51-08:00</published></pre></td>
</tr>
<tr readability="5.8509316770186">
<td valign="top">rights</td>
<td valign="top" readability="4.8701298701299">Conveys information about rights, e.g. copyrights, held in and over the entry. More info <a href="#text">here</a>.
<pre><rights type="html">
&copy; 2005 John Doe
</rights></pre></td>
</tr>
<tr readability="6">
<td valign="top">source</td>
<td valign="top" readability="7">Contains metadata from the source feed if this
entry is a copy.
<pre><source>
<id>http://example.org/</id>
<title>Example, Inc.</title>
<updated>2003-12-13T18:30:02Z</updated>
</source></pre></td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<h2>Common Constructs</h2>
<h3 id="category">Category<a name="category"> </a></h3>
<p><code><category></code> has one required attribute, <code>term</code>, and two optional attributes, <code>scheme</code> and <code>label</code>.</p>
<p><code>term</code> identifies the category</p>
<p><code>scheme</code> identifies the categorization scheme via a
<abbr title="Universal Resource Identifier">URI</abbr>.
</p>
<p><code>label</code> provides a human-readable label for display</p>
<h3>Content<a id="contentElement" name="contentElement"> </a></h3>
<p><code><content></code> either contains, or links to, the complete content of the entry.</p>
<p>In the most common case, the <code>type</code> attribute is either <code>text</code>, <code>html</code>, <code>xhtml</code>, in which case the content element is defined identically to other text constructs, which are described <a href="#text">here</a>.</p>
<p>Otherwise, if the <code>src</code> attribute is present, it represents the <abbr title="Universal Resource Identifier">URI</abbr> of where the content can be found. The <code>type</code> attribute, if present, is the media type of the content.</p>
<p>Otherwise, if the <code>type</code> attribute ends in <code>+xml</code> or <code>/xml</code>, then an xml document of this type is contained inline.</p>
<p>Otherwise, if the <code>type</code> attribute starts with <code>text</code>, then an escaped document of this type is contained inline.</p>
<p>Otherwise, a <a href="http://www.faqs.org/rfcs/rfc3548.html">base64</a> encoded document of the indicated media type is contained inline.</p>
<h3 id="link">Link<a name="link"> </a></h3>
<p><code><link></code> is patterned after html's <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/1999/REC-html401-19991224/struct/links.html#h-12.3">link</a> element. It has one required attribute, <code>href</code>, and five optional attributes: <code>rel</code>, <code>type</code>, <code>hreflang</code>, <code>title</code>, and <code>length</code>.</p>
<p><code>href</code> is the <abbr title="Universal Resource Identifier">URI</abbr> of the referenced resource (typically a Web page)</p>
<p><code>rel</code> contains a single link relationship type. It can be a full <abbr title="Universal Resource Identifier">URI</abbr> (see <a href="#extensibility">extensibility</a>), or one of the following predefined values (default=<code>alternate)</code>:</p>
<ul>
<li><code>alternate</code>: an alternate representation of the entry or feed, for example a permalink to the html version of the entry, or the front page of the weblog.</li>
<li><code>enclosure</code>: a related resource which is potentially large in size and might require special handling, for example an audio or video recording.</li>
<li><code>related</code>: an document related to the entry or feed.</li>
<li><code>self</code>: the feed itself.</li>
<li><code>via</code>: the source of the information provided in the entry.</li>
</ul>
<p><code>type</code> indicates the media type of the resource.</p>
<p><code>hreflang</code> indicates the language of the referenced resource.</p>
<p><code>title</code> human readable information about the link, typically for display purposes.</p>
<p><code>length</code> the length of the resource, in bytes.</p>
<h3 id="person">Person<a name="person"> </a></h3>
<p><code><author></code> and <code><contributor></code> describe a person, corporation, or similar entity. It has one required element, <code>name</code>, and two optional elements: <code>uri</code>, <code>email</code>.</p>
<p><code><name></code> conveys a human-readable name for the person.</p>
<p><code><uri></code> contains a home page for the person.</p>
<p><code><email></code> contains an email address for the person.</p>
<h3 id="text">Text<a name="text"> </a></h3>
<p><code><title></code>, <code><summary></code>, <code><content></code>, and <code><rights></code> contain human-readable text, usually in small quantities. The <code>type</code> attribute determines how this information is encoded (default="text")</p>
<p>If <code>type="text"</code>, then this element contains plain text with no entity escaped html.</p>
<pre><title type="text">AT&T bought by SBC!</title></pre>
<p>If <code>type="html"</code>, then this element contains entity escaped html.</p>
<pre><title type="html">
AT&amp;T bought <b>by SBC</b>!
</title></pre>
<p>If <code>type="xhtml"</code>, then this element contains inline xhtml, wrapped in a div element.</p>
<pre><title type="xhtml">
<div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
AT&T bought <b>by SBC</b>!
</div>
</title></pre>
<h2 id="extensibility">Extending Atom<a name="extensibility"> </a></h2>
<p>The atom content element is designed to support the direct inclusion of other XML vocabularies.</p>
<p>Any fully qualified <abbr title="Universal Resource Identifier">URI</abbr> may be used a value for the rel attribute of <code>link</code> elements.</p>
<p>Elements from other namespaces may be included pretty much anywhere. This means that most <a href="https://directory.google.com/Top/Reference/Libraries/Library_and_Information_Science/Technical_Services/Cataloguing/Metadata/RDF/Applications/RSS/Specifications/RSS_1.0_Modules/">RSS 1.0</a> and <a href="http://blogs.law.harvard.edu/tech/directory/5/specifications/rss20ModulesNamespaces">RSS 2.0</a> modules may be used in Atom.</p>
<h2 id="seeAlso">See Also<a name="seeAlso"> </a></h2>
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