雷诺：无稀土永磁电机

雷诺：无稀土永磁电机
Renault: Electric motors with no rare earths

原始链接: https://www.renaultgroup.com/en/magazine/energy-and-powertrains/all-about-electric-motors-with-no-rare-earths/

自2011年起，雷诺集团便开始推广电励磁同步电机（EESM）技术，最初应用于Kangoo Z.E.和Zoe车型。多年来，该技术在功率、能效和设计方面均取得了显著演进。第一代（5A/5AL系列）电机曾为Twingo Electric等早期车型提供动力。2021年，雷诺推出了第二代EESM（6A系列），并首次应用于Megane E-Tech车型。这些电机更加轻量化、紧凑，且功率大幅提升，最高输出可达160千瓦。自此，该技术成为品牌的核心基石，为Scenic E-Tech、Renault 5 E-Tech和Renault 4 E-Tech等多款获奖车型提供动力。创新仍在继续，2025年底发布的Alpine A390车型即是例证。该车型采用了开创性的三电机布局，由一台前置6AM电机与双电机后驱系统组成，均在克里昂（Cléon）工厂生产。这一先进系统总输出功率约为345千瓦（470马力），标志着雷诺在追求EESM工程卓越道路上的又一重要里程碑。

雷诺向无稀土电动机——特别是电励磁同步电机（EESM）的转型——正受到 Hacker News 的关注。这些电机用电磁励磁取代了永磁体，宝马、日产以及多家印度原始设备制造商（OEM）也采用了这一策略。讨论强调了几个关键的权衡因素： * **技术：** 通过用可控电磁铁取代钕基永磁体，企业可以实现供应链与中国的解耦。 * **性能与市场：** 虽然宝马的 EESM 架构功率更高（高达 300kW）且采用 800V 电压平台，但与雷诺主打性价比的入门级车型相比，它仍属于高端产品。 * **工程挑战：** 与标准的交流感应电机不同，EESM 需要向转子输送电力，这可能会增加重量和机械复杂性。然而，支持者指出，所需的励磁功率极小，该技术在大规模市场应用中的可行性正日益增强。评论者还提到了摆脱对中国供应链依赖的更广泛战略推动、与钠离子电池或固态电池等替代电池化学体系未来整合的可能性，以及汽车行业正在摆脱北美/中国在永磁同步电机（PMSM）领域主导地位的趋势。

A pioneer in electric cars since 2011, Renault Group has made the bold and visionary choice to mass-market EESM technology.

The very first generation of motors was found under the bonnet of Renault Kangoo Z.E in 2011 and Renault Zoe in 2012. Carrying the part reference 5A, it had output ranging from 57 to 100 kW.
In 2020, the final upgrade of this powertrain arrived on Twingo Electric with the reference 5AL and output of 60 kW.

Renault Group's second-generation EESM motor came into production in 2021 with the reference 6A. Renault Megane E-Tech electric was the first model to ship with the new motor (reference 6AM), which was smaller, lighter and more powerful (up to 160 kW), in early 2022. It was followed by the Car of the Year 2024, Renault Scenic E-Tech Electric and most recently the first all-electric Alpine, Alpine A290.

Launched in October 2024 and Car of the Year 2025 Renault 5 E-Tech electric ships with a 6AK electric motor with output of 110 kW, as does Renault 4 E-Tech electric, available to order since March 2025. Alpine A390 features a totally innovative powertrain, unveiled in September 2025. It features a 6AM electric motor on the front axle (like Alpine 290) and a new twin-motor set-up on the rear axle. These three electric motors, all manufactured at Cléon have an estimated combined output of around 345 kw (approx. 470 ch).

雷诺：无稀土永磁电机 Renault: Electric motors with no rare earths

雷诺：无稀土永磁电机
Renault: Electric motors with no rare earths