风筝艺术(1430–1929)
The Art of Kite Flying (1430–1929)

原始链接: https://publicdomainreview.org/collection/art-of-kite-flying/

它们飞行的能力近乎神奇,仿佛拥有生命,这种特质也反映在世界各地对它们的称呼中。在希腊语中,它们被称为“χαρταετοί”,意为“纸鹰”;德国人称它们为“Drachen”,即“龙”。法国孩子让“飞行的雄鹿”(cerf-volant)飘浮在空中——尽管这里的“cerf”很可能是奥克语中“蛇”(serp)的讹传;在俄语中,它们同样被称为“空中之蛇”(воздушные змеи)。其他语言则超越了动物界。西班牙语使用者称它们为“彗星”(cometas);中文保留了这种飞行器曾被安装竹笛的记忆,如同空中的风神竖琴——“风筝”,在其他地方也被称为“风之诗琴”;日语汉字“凧”则将与风相关的部首与代表毛巾或布的元素结合在一起。而在英语中,它们只是“kites”,得名于那种猛禽,源自古英语“cyta”——据信这是对其尖锐叫声的拟声模仿。

近期关于《公共领域评论》文章《风筝艺术(1430–1929)》的讨论,引发了读者分享他们对这项爱好的个人经历和见解。 一位评论者回忆起使用竹架“盾牌”风筝进行的竞技性斗风筝活动。这些操控技巧涉及在风筝线上涂抹胶水和碎玻璃的混合物,以切断对手的线,获胜者可以“俘获”对方的风筝。 另一位用户强调了现代科技的进步,指出在速卖通等网站上购买的现代风筝配备了创新的卷线器,消除了传统手动理线的困扰。讨论还涉及了风筝索具的演变,认为现代空气动力学设计代表了多年来未曾开发的潜力实现了重大飞跃。
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原文

Their capacity for flight is magical, almost animate, reflected in the names by which they are known around the world. In Greek, they are χαρταετοί, paper eagles, and the Germans call them Drachen, dragons. French children float flying stags (cerf-volant) above the earth — although “cerf”, here, is likely a corruption of the Occitan serp, snake — and in Russian, too, they are serpents of the air, воздушные змеи. Other languages reach beyond the animal world. Spanish speakers describe them as comets, cometas; Mandarin remembers when the flying forms were affixed with bamboo flutes, like airborne Aeolian harps — fēngzhēng, “wind zithers”, known elsewhere as “wind psalteries” — while the Japanese kanji 凧 combines a radical connected to wind with an element meaning towel or cloth. In English, they are simply kites, named for the bird of prey, from the old English cyta — thought to be onomatopoetic imitation of its sharp-edged call.

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