我曾支持预测市场。看看它们现在变成了什么样。
I Championed Prediction Markets. Look What They've Become

原始链接: https://newsletter.platypuseconomics.com/p/i-championed-prediction-markets-look

这篇文章强调了现代市场中信息不对称的危险,并列举了两个主要例子:白宫提词器操作员利用总统演讲进行押注,以及特朗普媒体公司可能利用总统公告的提前获知权进行牟利。 作者认为,当某些参与者拥有不公平的信息优势(实际上充当了“提词器操作员”的角色)时,市场的完整性就会崩塌。作者最初曾支持预测市场的去监管化,认为它们能成为有价值的信息聚合工具,但如今已对现状感到幻灭。这些平台非但没有浮现出有用的经济数据,反而大多演变成了“后门博彩公司”。 除了市场风险外,作者还强调了助长强迫性赌博所带来的社会代价。他指出,该行业在强大的政治利益支持下肆意扩张,导致许多家庭破碎。作者最终认为,推动这些市场的发展绕过了关于更广泛后果的必要“成熟讨论”,即在公平竞争环境与优先考虑赌博及内幕优势之间,社会应当如何抉择。

这篇 Hacker News 讨论聚焦于一位经济学家关于其在推崇预测市场中所扮演角色的反思文章。作者承认自己曾推广过此类市场,同时讲述了一段个人经历:他曾鼓励一位同事参与赌博,最终导致该同事陷入困境。 评论者对作者提出了严厉批评。许多人认为,作者过往的记录暴露了其经济框架中的根本缺陷,认为其对去监管化的倡导助推了当前这种如赌博般有害的预测市场环境。批评者驳斥了作者关于“不知道正确政策答案”的模糊辩解,认为一个亲眼目睹了赌博破坏力的人,理应对其影响力所造成的后果承担更多责任。 讨论帖还触及了一些更广泛的主题,包括政治信息的商品化(例如特朗普媒体出售总统帖文的访问权限),以及将“预测市场”视为不受监管的赌博这一冠冕堂皇的代名词的愤世嫉俗观点。尽管有少数支持者认为作者可能是在倡导一种细微的中间立场,而非完全的去监管化,但主流观点认为,作者的理论模型未能将人性中的恶意与贪婪考虑在内。
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原文

Before you do business with anyone, you should ask why they want to do business with you. Last week handed me the world’s most absurd teaching example: A White House teleprompter operator was betting on Kalshi about what the president would say — words he was personally scrolling onto the screen. He cleared about $100,000, and honestly, I’m shocked he didn’t make more.

There’s an important lesson here: every market could have a metaphorical teleprompter guy on the other side of the trade. And once you understand that, markets can simply stop working. This problem — which economists call asymmetric information — can also be fixed by sensible regulation which levels the informational playing field.

Which brings me to another big story that sits adjacent to information economics: Trump Media may soon sell early access to the president’s Truth Social posts. Think about what this means. This is how the president announces war; every embassy on earth has to maintain a Truth Social account just to stay informed of American policy. And we already have a place for official government proclamations — it’s called the Federal Register. But now the president has privatized and monetized it, and anyone active in markets will have no choice but to pay. After all, if you don’t pay, you could be trading with someone a lot like teleprompter guy — a counterparty who has an informational advantage over you.

Time for a confession: I helped build the intellectual case for freeing prediction markets from unnecessary restrictions. The dream was that markets would surface useful information, like election odds or product safety. And part of it came true: market odds beat the polls, the pundits, and Nate Silver. But go look at Kalshi or Polymarket today and you’ll see that roughly 90% of the money is on sports. We built a superior information aggregation machine for the economy, and the ideas are being used to create a backdoor sportsbook.

And I know exactly what that costs: Before I was an economist, I was a teenager working for bookies on Australian racetracks. I once took five dollars from a coworker who “didn’t bet” and put it on number one in the next race. Six months later he was betting thousands a race and stealing from his own family. Compulsive gambling destroys lives — and the families it wrecks have no lobbyists. Meanwhile, the major firms dominating the industry have piles of cash and Donald Trump Jr. on both of their payrolls.

I don’t claim to know the exact right policy answer for America. But I know we never even had a grown-up debate. Perhaps that’s a theme we can come back to in a future newsletter.

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