With Saudi shipping traffic in the Bab al-Mandeb Strait under unprecedented peril, the recently-launched Multinational Maritime Defense Coalition is moving closer to deploying ships to ensure freedom of navigation in the Red Sea, the Saudi Ministry of Defense announced on Friday.
Formed on July 30 at the initiative of Saudi Arabia, the Multinational Maritime Defense Coalition comprises 14 countries: Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, Bahrain, Qatar, Pakistan, Turkey, Egypt, Jordan, Yemen, Bangladesh, Nigeria, Sudan, Djibouti, and Somalia. Representatives from 41 countries and the European Union, including 154 naval officers and officials, attended the coalition's fourth planning meeting at the Saudi Western Fleet Command in Jeddah.
"The Alliance is currently working on integrating capabilities and preparing for operational implementation and actual presence in the maritime operations area, following its achievement of the Initial Operational Capability stage," the Saudi Defense Ministry said. The undertaking is organized to encompass joint training, intelligence-sharing, and -- most importantly -- maritime security operations. The entity is headquartered in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, and commanded by Saudi Major General Abdullah Al-Shahri.
On Friday, Al-Shahri told reporters the coalition will confront any threat to maritime navigation, but it's far from clear how much impact it will have.The fact that the entity has been the topic of very little conversation amid the growing economic crisis emanating from the Middle East suggests the markets are profoundly skeptical.
“We have seen several maritime security initiatives before, including those established during the piracy crisis in the Gulf of Aden," International Crisis Group's Ahmed Nagi told al Jazeera last month. "While some of these initiatives had political significance, many struggled to translate their objectives into tangible results on the ground."
Saudi Arabia has invited European states to join the coalition, but they've thus far been reluctant to join. In July, diplomats told the New York Times the Europeans wanted to see how the coalition's schemes and expectations developed before taking the plunge. When it formed, the coalition stressed that it was "purely defensive and not targeting any country."
The coalition was formed just 10 days after Yemen's Ansar Allah movement -- nicknamed "the Houthis" after its founder -- announced a blockade on Saudi-related shipping in the Red Sea. Earlier this month, Ansar Allah achieved a stunning battlefield success by seizing the remainder of Yemen's Red Sea coast it hadn't yet controlled -- by the group's claim, some 2,000 square miles. The lightning blitz put well-armed Ansar Allah forces directly beside the Bab al-Mandeb Strait, and on islands that command it. Though frequently called "rebels," Ansar Allah -- "Defenders of God" -- controls Yemen's capital and territory in which some 80% of Yemenis live.
Following the west-coast setback for Ansar Allah's Saudi-backed opponents, the kingdom was dealt another major blow when Iraqi militias struck Saudi Arabia's east-west pipeline, which had been serving as a critical export outlet amid the near-closure of the Strait of Hormuz. With the pipeline requiring repairs that will take weeks if not months, Saudi Aramco has started cancelling October crude oil delivers to Europe.