日冕物质抛射撞击迫在眉睫，另外两个面向地球的日冕物质抛射

日冕物质抛射撞击迫在眉睫，另外两个面向地球的日冕物质抛射
Coronal mass ejection impact imminent, two more earth-directed CMEs

原始链接: https://www.spaceweatherlive.com/en/news/view/533/20240510-cme-impact-imminent-two-more-earth-directed-cmes.html

两次强大的太阳事件正在逼近地球：截至 2024 年 5 月 10 日 15:46 UTC 时，三次强烈的日冕物质抛射 (CME) 正在前往地球的途中。这些 CME 源自活跃的太阳黑子区域 3664，该区域已经引发了三次大规模的 X 射线事件。级太阳耀斑。最近的一次 X1.1 和 X3.9 发生于 5 月 9 日，对 STEREO 和 DSCOVR 卫星的磁场产生了重大影响。它们到达地球可能会导致严重的 G4（风暴强度 Kp8）地磁扰动。通过 SpaceWeatherLive 或其移动应用程序随时了解最新情况。此外，另外两个具有潜在影响力的日冕物质抛射可能会在到达地球之前加入它们，从而增加了接下来五天持续动荡的太空天气的可能性。

在被称为日冕物质抛射 (CME) 的重大地磁扰动事件期间，电力基础设施可能会受到严重影响。 1859 年，此类事件导致美国大面积停电，并最终导致卡林顿事件，以观察到该事件的科学家的名字命名。由于我们对复杂技术系统的依赖，现代社会越来越容易受到这些事件的影响，特别是因为原始设计没有考虑到此类现象。为了减轻风险，设计改进可以包括增加保护屏蔽、实施冗余、安装预警系统以及开发更加分散的电网。尽管卫星位置报告等技术取得了进步，但这些事件仍可能会破坏通信系统和 GPS 信号。强烈的太阳活动使地球磁层充满高能粒子，这些粒子可以与我们技术基础设施的各个方面相互作用，并导致地面电子设备出现意想不到的行为。这些干扰可能会导致敏感系统中的数据丢失、故障甚至意外重置。虽然大多数日常电子设备上的屏蔽可以防止轻微太阳扰动期间的损坏，但强烈的条件（例如多个 X 级耀斑和 KP-9 地磁风暴）可能会超出普通情况。这可以影响全球电网，甚至影响微妙的生物系统。此外，这些高能碰撞过程中产生的二次粒子可以到达地球表面，并可能进一步影响地面电子设备。各种相互作用，包括电磁场通量的改变，可能会导致现象的整体复杂性，并对预测和管理重大日冕物质抛射的后果提出挑战。

原文

CME impact imminent, Two more earth-directed CMEs

Friday, 10 May 2024 15:46 UTC

A quick update on the current solar activity and the expected geomagnetic conditions in the coming days.

Coronal mass ejection impact imminent

The first of the anticipated coronal mass ejections has arrived at STEREO Ahead, a satellite slightly closer to the Sun than DSCOVR. The impact has been significant there with a maximum interplanetary magnetic field Bt value of 41nT and a minimum Bz value of -33nT at the time of writing. If we see similar values at Earth (which we should) this is certainly going to cause a significant geomagnetic storm where severe G4 geomagnetic storm conditions (Kp8) are absolutely possible! Charge your camera batteries and keep an eye on the data right here on the SpaceWeatherLive website or download our app from your Android or iOS store. This could become one of the strongest geomagnetic storms of this Solar Cycle with aurora visible from many locations in central Europe this evening!

Two more earth-directed coronal mass ejections

Sunspot region 3664 continues its old trick today of being a major flare producer. Since our news article yesterday it produced two more eruptive X-class events. One being the X1.1 event mentioned at the end of yesterday's news article and today's largest event thus far was an eruptive X3.9 solar flare which peaked at 06:53 UTC. Both of these events were eruptive and launched asymmetrical halo coronal mass ejections into space which also have an earth-directed component. Due to the location of sunspot region 3664, the bulk of these CMEs are directed towards the south-west but we do expect these to arrive at Earth as well. That means there are now six, yes six, coronal mass ejections that have a good chance to pass our planet in the days ahead. It will likely be impossible to tell them apart but space weather at Earth is going to be messy during the next 5 days or so with geomagnetic storm conditions up to the severe G4 (Kp8) geomagnetic storm level expected.

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