Unicode contains a range of symbols which don't get much use. For example, there are separate symbols for TradeMark - ™, Service Mark - ℠, and Prescriptions - ℞.
Nestling among the "Letterlike Symbols" are two curious entries. Both of these are single characters:
What's interesting is both .tel and .no are Top-Level-Domains (TLD) on the Domain Name System (DNS).
So my contact site - https://edent.tel/ - can be written as - https://edent.℡/
And the Norwegian domain name registry NORID can be accessed at https://www.norid.№/
Copy and paste those links - they work in any browser!
No! This works ANYWHERE in a domain name. Copy and paste these examples:
- Script https://ℰ𝒳𝒜ℳ𝓟ℒℰ.𝒞𝓞ℳ/
- Math Bold https://𝐞𝐱𝐚𝐦𝐩𝐥𝐞.𝐜𝐨𝐦/
- Fraktur https://𝖊𝖝𝖆𝖒𝖕𝖑𝖊.𝖈𝖔𝖒/
- Math bold italic https://𝒆𝒙𝒂𝒎𝒑𝒍𝒆.𝒄𝒐𝒎/
- Math bold script https://𝓮𝔁𝓪𝓶𝓹𝓵𝓮.𝓬𝓸𝓶/
- Double struck https://𝕖𝕩𝕒𝕞𝕡𝕝𝕖.𝕔𝕠𝕞/
- Monospace https://𝚎𝚡𝚊𝚖𝚙𝚕𝚎.𝚌𝚘𝚖/
- Super script https://ᵉˣᵃᵐᵖˡᵉ.ᶜᵒᵐ/
- Sub script https://ₑₓₐₘₚₗₑ.cₒₘ/ NB not all characters supported
- Math sans bold https://𝗲𝘅𝗮𝗺𝗽𝗹𝗲.𝗰𝗼𝗺/
- Math sans bold italic https://𝙚𝙭𝙖𝙢𝙥𝙡𝙚.𝙘𝙤𝙢/
- Math sans italic https://𝘦𝘹𝘢𝘮𝘱𝘭𝘦.𝘤𝘰𝘮/
- Math Squared https://🄴🅇🄰🄼🄿🄻🄴.🄲🄾🄼/ NB the dot must not be squared
- Circled https://ⓔⓧⓐⓜⓟⓛⓔ.ⓒⓞⓜ/ NB the dot must not be circled
There are a whole bunch more miscellaneous characters you can use:
Magic! Which is to say, I think it is the browser doing the conversion. DNS Servers don't successfully reply to queries about .℡ domains.
The browser sees the .℡ and then follows the IDNA2008 process listed in RFC5895 to normalise it:
map characters to the "Simple_Lowercase_Mapping" property (the fourteenth column) in <http://www.unicode.org/Public/UNIDATA/UnicodeData.txt>, if any.
The ℡ entry is:
2121;TELEPHONE SIGN;So;0;ON;<compat> 0054 0045 004C;;;;N;T E L SYMBOL;;;;
U+0054 is T, U+0045 is E, U+004C is L.
You can test this in Python using:
python -c 'import sys;print sys.argv[1].decode("utf-8").encode("idna")' "℡"
Yes! I asked people on Twitter whether they could access my website using a .℡ - and it appeared to work on every modern browser and operating system.
It even works on command line tools like wget and curl.
It does fail in some circumstances:
Two main ones:
- Sites like Twitter and Facebook don't recognise it as a valid URl and refuse to auto link it.
- Some command line tools like
digandhostdon't understand it
Bash
dig edent.℡ ; <<>> DiG 9.10.6 <<>> edent.℡ ;; global options: +cmd ;; Got answer: ;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NXDOMAIN, id: 55282
Obviously yes. This may be the most important discovery of the decade. You get cool looking URls and get to save a couple of characters on specific domains, at the minor expense of working inconsistently.
It could also be used for evading URl filters.
Every modern browser supports these "fancy" domain names - but most websites won't automatically link to them. So sharing on Facebook doesn't work.
Here are the single characters which can be normalised down to a valid TLD. They're mostly country codes, but there are a few interesting exceptions:
-
㏕- US Military -
℡- .tel registry -
№- Norway -
㍳- Australia -
㍷- Dominica -
㎀- Panama -
㎁- Namibia -
㎃- Morocco -
㎊- French Polynesia -
㎋- Norfolk Island -
㎏- Kyrgyzstan -
㎖- Mali -
㎙- Federated States of Micronesia -
fi- Finland -
㎜- Myanmar -
㎝- Cameroon -
㎞&㏎- Comoros -
㎰- Palestine -
㎳- Montserrat -
㎷&㎹- Republic of Maldives. -
㎺- Palau -
㎽&㎿- Malawi -
㏄- Cocos (Keeling) Islands -
㏅- Democratic Republic of Congo -
㏉- Guyana -
㏗- Philippines -
㏘- Saint Pierre and Miquelon -
㏚- Puerto Rico -
㏛- Suriname -
㏜- El Salvador -
℠- San Marino -
™- Turkmenistan -
st&ſt- São Tomé and Príncipe -
㎇- Great Britain ( Obsolete) -
ß- South Sudan ( Not available) -
㏌- India and Indiana (subdomain of .us) -
Ⅵ&ⅵ- Virgin Islands and Virginia (subdomain of .us) -
fl- Florida (subdomain of .us) -
㎚- New Mexico (subdomain of .us) -
㎵- Nevada (subdomain of .us) -
㍵- As part of .ovh
If you can find any more, please stick a comment in the box below.
You can always reach this blog post at:
https://🅂𝖍𝐤ₛᵖ𝒓.ⓜ𝕠𝒃𝓲/🆆🆃🅵/