季节不对。
The Seasons Are Wrong

原始链接: https://kentwalters.com/posts/seasons/

这条消息揭示了我们的传统日历与实际日长之间令人惊讶的脱节。作者认为,以至点和春分定义季节的现有体系存在根本缺陷——夏季在白昼开始缩短时*开始*,而冬季在白昼开始变长时开始,这与我们的直觉理解相悖。 受到这种不一致的困扰十年,作者提出了一种修订后的日历,将季节与日照峰值/最小值对齐。在这个体系下,夏季将从5月7日左右开始,秋季从8月9日开始,冬季从11月6日开始,春季从2月21日开始,将至点和春分置于各自的季节*之中*。 有趣的是,作者发现这不是一个新想法;许多欧洲和古代文化历史上都将夏至视为仲夏,验证了所提议转变背后的逻辑。这条消息强调了北美地区一种与更自然对齐的季节理解相偏离的文化传统。

一个黑客新闻的讨论围绕着季节*应该*何时开始的问题,起因是一篇文章质疑了传统上与至日和分日对齐的方式。许多评论者同意天文日期感觉不准确,尤其是在温度方面。 核心争论在于如何根据日照时长与实际天气/温度来定义季节。一些人指出存在显著的“季节滞后”——温度变化大约比日照变化滞后一个月,尤其是在大陆性气候中。这导致了关于调整季节开始日期的建议,例如在至日之前一个月开始夏季,以更好地反映最高温。 另一些人指出区域差异;在地中海气候中,季节与分日更接近,而像香港这样的地方则在7/8月经历最热的夏季。讨论还涉及美国习惯单位与世界其他地区的差异,以及对重新定义既定概念的普遍不满。最终,共识倾向于更实用、基于温度的季节定义,承认天文事件与实际体验之间的脱节。
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It is with deep regret that I must shatter long held illusions about the structure of our world. The seasons don't make sense. Our calendar is wrong. The things you believe to be summer, winter, spring, and fall are not as they seem. The "first day" of any season, the most broken concept of all, has misled untold billions.

Here's the calendar you're familiar with if you're from North America:

  • Summer Solstice (start of summer): June 21
  • Fall Equinox (start of fall): September 23
  • Winter Solstice (start of winter): December 21
  • Spring Equinox (start of spring): March 21

Let's look at these dates in relation to the length of day:

Summer solstice — the first day of summer is the point at which the days start getting shorter. Try to reconcile that. Summer, the season that, if I may speak for all of us, we identify with the hottest part of the year and the longest days, starts when the days get shorter? This is a conspiracy. It is equally senseless for all the other seasons. The first day of winter is when the days start getting longer. You might think that sounds more like the first day of spring, but you would be wrong.

Here are what the seasons look like in relation to day length:

This feels wrong. Culturally, summer and winter should represent opposite extremes, while spring and fall should represent the transitions between them. Applying this opinion to the diagram above, summer should represent the period under the curve with the maximum area, and winter with the minimum area.

If we do this, we'll get a new calendar. Instead of summer starting on the summer solstice, summer will start halfway between the spring equinox and the summer solstice (~May 7). This puts summer solstice in the middle of the summer, instead of the start of summer.

Here are the full dates of my new proposed calendar:

  • Summer starts: May 7
  • Fall starts: August 9
  • Winter starts: November 6
  • Spring starts: February 21

The proposed calendar — solstice and equinox centered in each season

I've been freaking out about this for the better part of ten years, and originally wrote this in 2018. Only recently did I have it explained to me by an LLM that this is mostly a North American tradition, and much of Europe, Iran, the ancient Romans (among many others) have a rich history of considering the summer solstice the middle of summer. Which makes a lot of sense.

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