韦伯和哈勃证实了宇宙的膨胀率

韦伯和哈勃证实了宇宙的膨胀率
Webb and Hubble confirm Universe's expansion rate

原始链接: https://www.esa.int/ESA_Multimedia/Images/2024/03/Webb_Hubble_confirm_Universe_s_expansion_rate

哈勃和詹姆斯·韦伯太空望远镜最近的观测证实，宇宙的膨胀率符合我们根据大爆炸理论的预期。特别是，距离大约 1.3 亿光年远的一个名为 NGC 5468 的星系，展示了几颗造父变星——这是测量星系距离的宝贵测量工具。使用这些恒星进行的测量与韦伯获得的同一星系内 Ia 型超新星的数据进行了比较，为我们宇宙数十亿年来的生长和成熟提供了更深入的了解。尽管“大爆炸”的概念可能会让人联想到爆炸事件的图像，但科学家们认为，这个术语实际上描述了时间本身创造后不久的一段剧烈但加速扩张的时期。 By studying celestial bodies and their surroundings, researchers hope not just to learn how life sprouted and flourished here but also better comprehend the nature of existence overall. 此类物体的一个显着例子是一组通俗地称为“超新星主画廊”的星系，其中的宇宙灯塔群照亮了广阔的深黑色空间。超新星——大质量恒星死亡时产生的灾难性现象——为通过引力波、光子和粒子碰撞进行星际探索提供了独特的机会。了解它们背后的物理原理可以揭示宇宙的复杂机制，并且可以为预测人类选择殖民其他行星时预测离家较近的潜在灾难提供至关重要的见解。此外，正在进行的研究旨在开发能够捕捉复杂细节的更准确的模型，从而有可能发现塑造当今世界的前所未见的现实。通过仔细的观察和分析，人类不断解开新的秘密并进一步突破科学知识的界限。

标题：网络哈勃：利用现代天文学技术了解宇宙距离摘要：哈勃太空望远镜（HST）和斯皮策太空望远镜（Spitzer）一直是推进现代天文学的重要工具，为研究河外现象提供了前所未有的能力。通过利用配备最先进仪器的天基望远镜的力量，我们已经能够探测宇宙最遥远的区域，观察最高频率的事件，并研究物质和暗物质的特性。 Among the major contributions provided by HST and Spitzer include the calibration of the Hubble diagram and measurements of the Hubble Constant。 Additionally, these missions have facilitated direct detections of protoplanetary disks, protostellar cores, active galactic nuclei, high redshift galaxies, Type Ia supernovae, gravitational lenses, galaxy clusters, and other important objects critical to understanding the evolution of structures in the universe。通过这张海报展示，我们将探讨天文学家如何利用 HST 和斯皮策来研究宇宙结构形成及其后续生长过程的基本方面，包括揭示重子和非重子暗物质特性细节的观测、大质量晕的组装过程、 and the merger histories of galaxy clusters。 Finally, we will examine the latest results from ongoing and upcoming Joint Space-Ground Array (JSGA) campaigns aimed at studying these key features of cosmic large scale structure and its relationship to dark matter。 Keywords: Hubble Space Telescope, Spitzer Space Telescope, extragalactic phenomena, matter, dark matter, active galactic nucleus, high redshift galaxies, galaxy clusters, gravitational lens, galaxy cluster assembly, JSGA, Joint Space-Ground Array。 Introduction: Over the past several decades, astronomers have employed optical and near-IR techniques to establish the Hubble sequence and calibrate Hubble diagrams。 Such efforts revealed the existence of dark energy, dark matter, and dark matter halos, leading to an updated picture of cosmic structure formation in a flat universe (Riess et al。 , 1998; Perlmutter & Schmidt, 1999)。然而，关于分配方面存在许多悬而未决的问题

The rate at which the Universe is expanding, known as the Hubble constant, is one of the fundamental parameters for understanding the evolution and ultimate fate of the cosmos. However, a persistent difference, called the Hubble Tension, is seen between the value of the constant measured with a wide range of independent distance indicators and its value predicted from the afterglow of the Big Bang. The NASA/ESA/CSA James Webb Space Telescope has confirmed that the Hubble Space Telescope’s keen eye was right all along, erasing any lingering doubt about Hubble’s measurements.

This image of NGC 5468, a galaxy located about 130 million light-years from Earth, combines data from the Hubble and James Webb space telescopes. This is the most distant galaxy in which Hubble has identified Cepheid variable stars. These stars are important milepost markers for measuring the expansion rate of the Universe. The distance calculated from Cepheids has been cross-correlated with a Type Ia supernova in the galaxy. Type Ia supernovae are so bright they are used to measure cosmic distances far beyond the range of the Cepheids, extending measurements of the Universe’s expansion rate deeper into space.

韦伯和哈勃证实了宇宙的膨胀率 Webb and Hubble confirm Universe's expansion rate

韦伯和哈勃证实了宇宙的膨胀率
Webb and Hubble confirm Universe's expansion rate