现代微处理器 – 90分钟指南
Modern Microprocessors – A 90-Minute Guide

原始链接: https://www.lighterra.com/articles/

杰森·R·C·帕特森创作了大量关于计算机科学、Web技术和用户指南的作品,主要通过Lighterra出版。他的研究始于2001年备受好评的博士论文,主题为可执行优化(“VGO”),始终致力于解决计算领域的核心挑战。 帕特森的作品对编译器设计具有显著影响——他用于静态分支预测和寄存器分配的算法被广泛应用于生产编译器中。他还对处理器架构做出了重要贡献,他的《现代微处理器的90分钟指南》已成为学生和硅谷初创公司的必备读物。 除了核心计算机科学之外,帕特森还研究新兴的Web技术,提出了高DPI图像的解决方案(‘srcset’属性的前身),并详细介绍了优化的H.264视频编码设置,从而提高了Web视频质量。他还撰写了关于Mac OS X过渡和云计算的实用指南,以及关于开源软件和大学在商业研究中作用的思考文章。他的写作始终注重清晰、效率和实际应用。

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原文

As is a tale, so is life: not how long it is,
but how good it is, is what matters.

— Seneca

Most Popular

Modern Microprocessors – A 90-Minute Guide!
Jason R. C. Patterson. Technical paper, Lighterra, Mar 2026 (orig Feb 2001)
A brief, pulls-no-punches, fast-paced introduction to modern processor microarchitecture. Originally a background appendix in Dr Patterson's PhD thesis, extracted into a separate paper by popular demand, now one of the world's most popular introductory articles on processor design & microarchitecture, with well over a million readers. This article is used by university courses around the world, and is "required reading" for many VC startups in Silicon Valley.
Video Encoding Settings for H.264 Excellence
Jason R. C. Patterson. Technical paper, Lighterra, Apr 2012
Detailed notes regarding the resolutions, bitrates and settings used for high-quality H.264 video encoding, and the reasoning behind those choices. This was one of several articles that were widely read/used and influential in achieving high video quality on the web – you can probably remember when web video such as YouTube went from quite poor quality to quite good.

Programming Languages & Compilers

Accurate Static Branch Prediction by Value Range Propagation
Jason R. C. Patterson. Proceedings of the ACM SIGPLAN '95 Conference on Programming Language Design and Implementation (PLDI), Jun 1995, pages 67-78
Describes the value range propagation (VRP) algorithm and its use in static branch prediction. This algorithm is now used by many, possibly even most, production compilers, both for branch prediction and for other value/type propagation optimizations and static analysis.
Basic Instruction Scheduling (and Software Pipelining)
Jason R. C. Patterson. Technical paper, Lighterra, Sep 2003 (orig Feb 2001)
Introduction to instruction scheduling and software pipelining for straight-line code (basic blocks). Originally a background appendix in Dr Patterson's PhD thesis, extracted into a separate paper by popular demand, now used by several university compiler courses.
Coding Guidelines To Live By
Jason R. C. Patterson. Technical paper, Lighterra, Mar 2014 (orig Mar 2004)
Coding guidelines checklist covering topics from general program/API design to language-specific issues for C, C++, Objective-C, Java etc.
Efficient RISC Style Code Generation for CISC Architectures
Jason R. C. Patterson. Honors thesis, Bond University, Apr 1992
Honors thesis discussing the design and implementation of a C++ compiler for the MIPS RISC and Motorola 68k CISC architectures, showing it's possible to use low-level, RISC-like intermediate code and still perform good instruction selection for traditional, complex instruction sets.
Exception Handling Considered Harmful
Jason R. C. Patterson. Technical paper, Lighterra, Nov 2005
Counterpoint to the prevailing view that exception handling is the best method of error handling for modern software development – a critically important issue for future programming-language design.
Optimizing for Superscalar Processors
Jason R. C. Patterson. Technical paper and seminar, Queensland University of Technology (QUT) and Distributed Systems Technology Centre (DSTC), Oct 1993
Overview of the challenges and evolving optimization techniques for superscalar processors.
Register Allocation by Graph Coloring
Jason R. C. Patterson. Technical paper, Lighterra, Sep 2003 (orig Feb 2001)
Introduction to register allocation by graph coloring. Originally a background appendix in Dr Patterson's PhD thesis, extracted into a separate paper by popular demand, now used by several university compiler courses.
VGO – A Very Global Optimizer
Jason R. C. Patterson. PhD thesis, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Feb 2001
PhD thesis discussing the idea behind executable optimization and the design and implementation of a real-world executable optimizer. This thesis was rated "quite simply the finest PhD dissertation in experimental computer science that I have ever read" by the author of a leading textbook and former editor of the top journal in the field.
Zero-Cost Executable Rewriting
Jason R. C. Patterson. Technical paper, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Oct 1994
Discusses new, original techniques for reading and rewriting executable files without the performance loss incurred by existing methods.

Hardware & Processor Design

Alpha & EV4 – The Architecture & The First Implementation
Jason R. C. Patterson. Technical seminar, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Oct 1992
Technical overview and analysis of the design of the DEC Alpha architecture and Alpha 21064 (EV4) processor, which looked to be the future of computer architecture at the time.
Microsim – A Microarchitecture Simulator
Jason R. C. Patterson. Technical paper, Bond University, Aug 1991
Discusses the features, design and implementation of a visual, programmable microarchitecture simulator and debugger.
Modern Microprocessors – A 90-Minute Guide!
Jason R. C. Patterson. Technical paper, Lighterra, Mar 2026 (orig Feb 2001)
A brief, pulls-no-punches, fast-paced introduction to modern processor microarchitecture. Originally a background appendix in Dr Patterson's PhD thesis, extracted into a separate paper by popular demand, now one of the world's most popular introductory articles on processor design & microarchitecture, with well over a million readers. This article is used by university courses around the world, and is "required reading" for many VC startups in Silicon Valley.

World Wide Web Technology

highsrc - Simple and Effective High-DPI "Retina" Images
Jason R. C. Patterson. Technical proposal, Lighterra, Apr 2012
Proposal to add a simple new highsrc attribute to the good old HTML <img> tag to support high-DPI "retina" images, including a JavaScript polyfill for older browsers. The W3C/WHATWG's final chosen solution, srcset, was quite similar to highsrc – an attribute to the <img> tag, rather than a whole new tag like <picture>, a new image file format, or other proposals.
Video Encoding Settings for H.264 Excellence
Jason R. C. Patterson. Technical paper, Lighterra, Apr 2012
Detailed notes regarding the resolutions, bitrates and settings used for high-quality H.264 video encoding, and the reasoning behind those choices. This was one of several articles that were widely read/used and influential in achieving high video quality on the web – you can probably remember when web video such as YouTube went from quite poor quality to quite good.
Web Page Checklist
Jason R. C. Patterson. General article, Lighterra, Sep 2025 (orig Dec 1994)
Web page checklist covering topics from writing style and SEO to performance, accessibility and browser compatibility etc.

End-User Guides

Cloud Terminology In A Nutshell
Jason R. C. Patterson. General article, Lighterra, Dec 2007
A brief summary of the different types of "cloud" computing (IaaS, PaaS & SaaS).
Mac OS X - The Big Transition
Jason R. C. Patterson. General presentation, Lighterra, Aug 2003
Presentation introducing Mac OS X to existing Mac OS 9 users.
Mac OS X 10.3 Panther
Jason R. C. Patterson. General presentation, Lighterra, Nov 2003
Presentation describing the changes and new features in Mac OS X 10.3 Panther.
Mac OS X 10.4 Tiger
Jason R. C. Patterson. General presentation, Lighterra, May 2005
Presentation describing the changes and new features in Mac OS X 10.4 Tiger.
Mac OS X 10.5 Leopard
Jason R. C. Patterson. General presentation, Lighterra, Feb 2008
Presentation describing the changes and new features in Mac OS X 10.5 Leopard.

Miscellaneous

The History of Computers During My Lifetime
Jason R. C. Patterson. General article, Lighterra, Jan 2011 (orig Dec 1994)
A look at some of the great moments in the history of computers. For a short time, this article could be found on a wall of the Smithsonian Institute.
Mac OS X White/Light Text Sub-Pixel Antialiasing Bug
Jason R. C. Patterson. General article, Lighterra, Jun 2007
A discussion of the Mac OS X white/light text sub-pixel antialiasing bug, complete with detailed close-up images.
Open Source – Resistance Is Futile, Or Is It?
Jason R. C. Patterson. General article, Lighterra, Jun 2008
Discusses the role and impact of open-source software in the overall software industry, as well as clarifying many common misconceptions.
Universities and Commercial Research
Jason R. C. Patterson. General article, Lighterra, Feb 2001
A note about universities and commercial research.
Valedictory Address
Jason R. C. Patterson. Graduation valedictory address, Bond University, Sep 1991
Graduation speech given as university valedictorian, focusing on how computers are changing the world (in 1991!).
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