《抽彩》—— 雪莉·杰克逊(1948年)
The Lottery – Shirley Jackson (1948)

原始链接: https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/1948/06/26/the-lottery

在这段出自雪莉·杰克逊《摸彩》的节选中,村庄的年度仪式在户主们从黑匣子中抽取纸条时达到了高潮。尽管一些村民表现出紧张的期待,年迈的老沃纳却坚定地捍卫这一传统,并斥责有关其他村庄废除该习俗的传言是愚蠢的。 当比尔·哈金森被揭露抽中了带标记的纸条时,紧张气氛瞬间爆发。他的妻子泰西立即提出抗议,声称抽签过程不公平,且比尔没有足够的时间进行选择。尽管她绝望地恳求重来,但社区对此不为所动,坚持认为每个人都承担了同样的风险。萨默斯先生继续进行仪式的下一阶段,要求哈金森一家再次抽签,以确定究竟是哪位家庭成员被选中。随着这一家人的聚集,气氛依然阴郁,突显了村民们对这种被视为既定且强制的传统的冷漠与盲从。

这篇 Hacker News 帖子讨论了雪莉·杰克逊(Shirley Jackson)1948 年的经典作品《抽彩》(*The Lottery*)。参与者回顾了该故事的深远影响,一些人回忆起学生时代阅读此文时感到的强烈震撼。 讨论探讨了为何该故事至今仍是美国文学的核心作品。用户归纳了三个主要主题: 1. **惊喜元素**:对突如其来的黑暗反转的有效运用。 2. **对盲目传统的批判**:评论了社会为何仅仅因为“一直以来都是这样”而延续有害习俗。 3. **平庸之恶**:令人不安的观察,即恐怖的行为可以由普通人在平凡、刻板的过程中执行。 最终,该帖子指出,这个故事之所以经久不衰,是因为它促使读者审视那些被无条件接受的传统和模式。参与者思考现代社会是否具备必要的内省能力来不断质疑自身的根基,并将杰克逊的作品定位为一种令人难忘、永不过时的警示,提醒人们集体盲从的危险。
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原文

“Dunbar,” Mr. Summers said, and Mrs. Dunbar went steadily to the box while one of the women said, “Go on, Janey,” and another said, “There she goes.”

“We’re next,” Mrs. Graves said. She watched while Mr. Graves came around from the side of the box, greeted Mr. Summers gravely, and selected a slip of paper from the box. By now, all through the crowd there were men holding the small folded papers in their large hands, turning them over and over nervously. Mrs. Dunbar and her two sons stood together, Mrs. Dunbar holding the slip of paper.

“Harburt. . . . Hutchinson.”

“Get up there, Bill,” Mrs. Hutchinson said, and the people near her laughed.

“Jones.”

“They do say,” Mr. Adams said to Old Man Warner, who stood next to him, “that over in the north village they’re talking of giving up the lottery.”

Old Man Warner snorted. “Pack of crazy fools,” he said. “Listening to the young folks, nothing’s good enough for them. Next thing you know, they’ll be wanting to go back to living in caves, nobody work any more, live that way for a while. Used to be a saying about ‘Lottery in June, corn be heavy soon.’ First thing you know, we’d all be eating stewed chickweed and acorns. There’s always been a lottery,” he added petulantly. “Bad enough to see young Joe Summers up there joking with everybody.”

“Some places have already quit lotteries,” Mrs. Adams said.

“Nothing but trouble in that,” Old Man Warner said stoutly. “Pack of young fools.”

“Martin.” And Bobby Martin watched his father go forward. “Overdyke. . . . Percy.”

“I wish they’d hurry,” Mrs. Dunbar said to her older son. “I wish they’d hurry.”

“They’re almost through,” her son said.

“You get ready to run tell Dad,” Mrs. Dunbar said.

Mr. Summers called his own name and then stepped forward precisely and selected a slip from the box. Then he called, “Warner.”

“Seventy-seventh year I been in the lottery,” Old Man Warner said as he went through the crowd. “Seventy-seventh time.”

“Watson.” The tall boy came awkwardly through the crowd. Someone said, “Don’t be nervous, Jack,” and Mr. Summers said, “Take your time, son.”

“Zanini.”

After that, there was a long pause, a breathless pause, until Mr. Summers, holding his slip of paper in the air, said, “All right, fellows.” For a minute, no one moved, and then all the slips of paper were opened. Suddenly, all the women began to speak at once, saying, “Who is it?,” “Who’s got it?,” “Is it the Dunbars?,” “Is it the Watsons?” Then the voices began to say, “It’s Hutchinson. It’s Bill,” “Bill Hutchinson’s got it.”

“Go tell your father,” Mrs. Dunbar said to her older son.

People began to look around to see the Hutchinsons. Bill Hutchinson was standing quiet, staring down at the paper in his hand. Suddenly, Tessie Hutchinson shouted to Mr. Summers, “You didn’t give him time enough to take any paper he wanted. I saw you. It wasn’t fair!”

“Be a good sport, Tessie,” Mrs. Delacroix called, and Mrs. Graves said, “All of us took the same chance.”

“Shut up, Tessie,” Bill Hutchinson said.

“Well, everyone,” Mr. Summers said, “that was done pretty fast, and now we’ve got to be hurrying a little more to get done in time.” He consulted his next list. “Bill,” he said, “you draw for the Hutchinson family. You got any other households in the Hutchinsons?”

“There’s Don and Eva,” Mrs. Hutchinson yelled. “Make them take their chance!”

“Daughters draw with their husbands’ families, Tessie,” Mr. Summers said gently. “You know that as well as anyone else.”

“It wasn’t fair,” Tessie said.

“I guess not, Joe,” Bill Hutchinson said regretfully. “My daughter draws with her husband’s family, that’s only fair. And I’ve got no other family except the kids.”

“Then, as far as drawing for families is concerned, it’s you,” Mr. Summers said in explanation, “and as far as drawing for households is concerned, that’s you, too. Right?”

“Right,” Bill Hutchinson said.

“How many kids, Bill?” Mr. Summers asked formally.

“Three,” Bill Hutchinson said. “There’s Bill, Jr., and Nancy, and little Dave. And Tessie and me.”

“All right, then,” Mr. Summers said. “Harry, you got their tickets back?”

Mr. Graves nodded and held up the slips of paper. “Put them in the box, then,” Mr. Summers directed. “Take Bill’s and put it in.”

“I think we ought to start over,” Mrs. Hutchinson said, as quietly as she could. “I tell you it wasn’t fair. You didn’t give him time enough to choose. Everybody saw that.”

Mr. Graves had selected the five slips and put them in the box, and he dropped all the papers but those onto the ground, where the breeze caught them and lifted them off.

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