全球如何延长数十年的人均寿命

全球如何延长数十年的人均寿命
How The World Added Decades To Life Expectancy

原始链接: https://www.zerohedge.com/medical/how-world-added-decades-life-expectancy

自1960年以来，全球各收入水平国家的预期寿命均有显著增长，各国之间尤其是最富裕与最贫穷国家之间的差距已有效缩小。世界银行的数据显示，尽管美国和日本等高收入国家的预期寿命依然最长（平均为80.3岁），但其增长幅度相对较小。相反，中国和巴西等中高收入国家则取得了最为显著的进步，其平均预期寿命增加了34年以上。这些进步主要归功于卫生条件的改善、疫苗接种计划的普及、儿童死亡率的降低以及医疗服务可及性的提升。值得注意的是，低收入国家也取得了实质性进展，自1960年以来平均预期寿命增加了23年以上。因此，高收入国家与低收入国家之间的全球预期寿命差距已从27年缩小至约16年。尽管生活条件和医疗服务方面的差异依然存在，但数据凸显了一个明确的全球趋势：人类寿命正在延长，且发展中地区的增幅最为显著。

原文

The average person today can expect to live far longer than someone born in 1960, regardless of where they live.

This chart, via Visual Capitalist's Bruno Venditti, tracks life expectancy at birth across four World Bank income groups. While high-income countries still have the longest lifespans, the biggest gains have come elsewhere. Upper-middle income countries have added more than three decades to life expectancy, while low-income countries have made substantial progress as well.

The data for this visualization comes from World Bank via FRED. It tracks life expectancy at birth by income group from 1960 to the latest available data (2024).

High-Income Countries Still Lead

High-income countries still have the highest life expectancy, reaching 80.3 years in 2024.

That is up from 68.3 years in 1960, a gain of 12 years. These countries started from a much higher baseline, meaning their gains have been slower but still substantial.

Examples include the U.S., Germany, and Japan.

Upper-Middle Income Countries Saw the Fastest Gains

Upper-middle income countries posted the largest increase, rising from 41.9 years in 1960 to 76.3 years.

That is a gain of 34.4 years, the fastest improvement of any group in the dataset. This category includes countries such as China, Brazil, Mexico, and South Africa.

Much of this improvement coincided with rising incomes, better sanitation, expanded vaccination programs, lower child mortality, and broader access to healthcare. Together, these changes helped push life expectancy in many middle-income countries toward levels once seen only in the world’s wealthiest economies.

The Global Life Expectancy Gap Has Narrowed

In 1960, people in high-income countries lived about 27 years longer than those in low-income countries.

Today, the gap stands at roughly 16 years. While a significant difference remains, low-income countries have added more than 23 years to average life expectancy since 1960. In other words, much of the world’s longevity progress has come from countries that started furthest behind.

However, the remaining gap shows that income, healthcare access, and living conditions continue to shape longevity worldwide.

If you enjoyed today’s post, check out Ranked: Countries With the Most Ultra-Rich Residents in 2026 on Voronoi.