OpenBSD 7.5
OpenBSD 7.5

原始链接: https://www.openbsd.org/75.html

OpenBSD 安装指南:本文提供了在各种系统上安装 OpenBSD 的说明,包括 alpha、amd64、arm64、armv7、hppa、i386、landisk、loongson、luna88k、macppc、octeon、powerpc64、riscv64、sparc64 和 ports 树。 以下是简要概述: 对于 alpha、amd64、i386 用户:如果可能,从 CD 或 USB 启动。 如果需要,调整 BIOS 设置。 对于amd64,双启动需要额外阅读。 对于arm64、armv7用户:将miniroot映像写入合适的介质并连接到串行控制台。 对于 hppa 用户:根据 INSTALL.hppa 说明通过网络安装。 对于其他受支持的体系结构:请按照相应的 INSTALL.* 文件获取详细指导。 还提供了端口树存档。 提取它并通过端口页面了解端口。 使用 CVS 命令更新端口树。 大多数移植都可以作为 OpenBSD 镜像上的软件包使用。 感兴趣的用户可以加入 ports 邮件列表以获得进一步的帮助。

OpenBSD 以其开发内核和用户空间的集成方法而闻名,这与 GNU/Linux 的模块化结构形成鲜明对比。 此集成包括 pinsycall 等功能,旨在提高应用程序安全性并通过 libc 强制执行标准接口,而不是允许多个接口。 尽管受到批评,OpenBSD 仍在不断发展,在完善现有保护机制的同时融入新的保护机制。 其理念围绕持续改进,而不是激进创新。 批评者认为,pinsycall 为非 x86 架构带来了额外的好处,并且可以帮助减轻 ROP 等攻击。 然而,一些人认为,革命性设计的方法可能会带来更全面的安全收益。 最终,OpenBSD 的优势在于其对安全性的历史承诺及其增量增强,尽管个人意见可能对特定功能的有效性和必要性有所不同。 虽然有些人可能认为从 Linux 切换到 OpenBSD 可以提高安全性,但其他人认为学习 OpenBSD 的教义(例如通过禁用不必要的服务来保护服务器、实施激进的设置和隔离组件)就足够了,而无需实际迁移到新的操作系统。
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原文

Quick installer information for people familiar with OpenBSD, and the use of the "disklabel -E" command. If you are at all confused when installing OpenBSD, read the relevant INSTALL.* file as listed above!

OpenBSD/alpha:

If your machine can boot from CD, you can write install75.iso or cd75.iso to a CD and boot from it. Refer to INSTALL.alpha for more details.

OpenBSD/amd64:

If your machine can boot from CD, you can write install75.iso or cd75.iso to a CD and boot from it. You may need to adjust your BIOS options first.

If your machine can boot from USB, you can write install75.img or miniroot75.img to a USB stick and boot from it.

If you can't boot from a CD, floppy disk, or USB, you can install across the network using PXE as described in the included INSTALL.amd64 document.

If you are planning to dual boot OpenBSD with another OS, you will need to read INSTALL.amd64.

OpenBSD/arm64:

If your machine can boot from CD, you can write install75.iso or cd75.iso to a CD and boot from it.

To boot from disk, write install75.img or miniroot75.img to a disk and boot from it after connecting to the serial console. Refer to INSTALL.arm64 for more details.

OpenBSD/armv7:

Write a system specific miniroot to an SD card and boot from it after connecting to the serial console. Refer to INSTALL.armv7 for more details.

OpenBSD/hppa:

Boot over the network by following the instructions in INSTALL.hppa or the hppa platform page.

OpenBSD/i386:

If your machine can boot from CD, you can write install75.iso or cd75.iso to a CD and boot from it. You may need to adjust your BIOS options first.

If your machine can boot from USB, you can write install75.img or miniroot75.img to a USB stick and boot from it.

If you can't boot from a CD, floppy disk, or USB, you can install across the network using PXE as described in the included INSTALL.i386 document.

If you are planning on dual booting OpenBSD with another OS, you will need to read INSTALL.i386.

OpenBSD/landisk:

Write miniroot75.img to the start of the CF or disk, and boot normally.

OpenBSD/loongson:

Write miniroot75.img to a USB stick and boot bsd.rd from it or boot bsd.rd via tftp. Refer to the instructions in INSTALL.loongson for more details.

OpenBSD/luna88k:

Copy 'boot' and 'bsd.rd' to a Mach or UniOS partition, and boot the bootloader from the PROM, and then bsd.rd from the bootloader. Refer to the instructions in INSTALL.luna88k for more details.

OpenBSD/macppc:

Burn the image from a mirror site to a CDROM, and power on your machine while holding down the C key until the display turns on and shows OpenBSD/macppc boot.

Alternatively, at the Open Firmware prompt, enter boot cd:,ofwboot /7.5/macppc/bsd.rd

OpenBSD/octeon:

After connecting a serial port, boot bsd.rd over the network via DHCP/tftp. Refer to the instructions in INSTALL.octeon for more details.

OpenBSD/powerpc64:

To install, write install75.img or miniroot75.img to a USB stick, plug it into the machine and choose the OpenBSD install menu item in Petitboot. Refer to the instructions in INSTALL.powerpc64 for more details.

OpenBSD/riscv64:

To install, write install75.img or miniroot75.img to a USB stick, and boot with that drive plugged in. Make sure you also have the microSD card plugged in that shipped with the HiFive Unmatched board. Refer to the instructions in INSTALL.riscv64 for more details.

OpenBSD/sparc64:

Burn the image from a mirror site to a CDROM, boot from it, and type boot cdrom.

If this doesn't work, or if you don't have a CDROM drive, you can write floppy75.img or floppyB75.img (depending on your machine) to a floppy and boot it with boot floppy. Refer to INSTALL.sparc64 for details.

Make sure you use a properly formatted floppy with NO BAD BLOCKS or your install will most likely fail.

You can also write miniroot75.img to the swap partition on the disk and boot with boot disk:b.

If nothing works, you can boot over the network as described in INSTALL.sparc64.

Ports Tree

A ports tree archive is also provided. To extract:

# cd /usr
# tar xvfz /tmp/ports.tar.gz

Go read the ports page if you know nothing about ports at this point. This text is not a manual of how to use ports. Rather, it is a set of notes meant to kickstart the user on the OpenBSD ports system.

The ports/ directory represents a CVS checkout of our ports. As with our complete source tree, our ports tree is available via AnonCVS. So, in order to keep up to date with the -stable branch, you must make the ports/ tree available on a read-write medium and update the tree with a command like:

# cd /usr/ports
# cvs -d [email protected]:/cvs update -Pd -rOPENBSD_7_5

[Of course, you must replace the server name here with a nearby anoncvs server.]

Note that most ports are available as packages on our mirrors. Updated ports for the 7.5 release will be made available if problems arise.

If you're interested in seeing a port added, would like to help out, or just would like to know more, the mailing list [email protected] is a good place to know.

联系我们 contact @ memedata.com