在配备新 es40 分支的 DEC Alpha 上运行 Windows 2000
Run Windows 2000 on a DEC Alpha with a new es40 fork

原始链接: https://raymii.org/s/blog/Run_Windows_2000_for_Dec_Alpha_on_a_new_es40_fork.html

经典 Alpha 模拟器 es40 出现了一个重要的新分支,带来了显著的性能提升和功能扩展。主要升级包括:用于显著提升 OpenVMS 和 Windows NT 运行速度的 JIT(即时)编译器,以及从 MAME 移植的 S3 图形支持和 ARC 固件集成。 这些增强功能带来了更流畅的体验,包括对 OpenVMS 的原生图形支持(无需 X11 隧道),并能够成功运行适用于 DEC Alpha 的 Windows 2000。 虽然设置过程较为复杂,需要特定的固件升级(如 86box S3 VGA BIOS)和精确的配置,但该项目的进展是 Alpha 模拟社区的一个重要里程碑。该模拟器已在 GitHub 上提供源代码或预编译二进制文件,并为希望运行 Windows 2000 或 Tru64 Unix 的用户提供了详细文档。

Hacker News 最近的一篇帖子介绍了一个项目,该项目通过 ES40 模拟器的一个新分支,在 DEC Alpha 硬件上运行 Windows 2000。 这场讨论引发了用户对于 DEC 硬件与微软操作系统历史交集的怀旧之情。评论者分享了管理 Alpha 环境的个人经历,指出虽然 Windows NT 4.0 偶尔会被部署在 AlphaServer 系统的生产环境中,但该硬件更多地是与 OpenVMS 或 Digital UNIX 联系在一起。参与者还比较了 DEC 架构与当时竞争对手 x86 系统的性能,并反思了在现代 x86_64 机器上模拟此类小众硬件的非传统本质。
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原文

As you might know, I'm involved a bit in the OpenVMS community and the Alpha emulation side via AXPBox. AXPBox (github) is a fork of the es40 alpha emulator by Camiel Vanderhoeven (who is now Chief Architect at VSI, the company that makes OpenVMS, for x86 nowdays). There have been many forks of es40 in the past and recently a new one has popped up with some great new features. Like speedups via a JIT compiler, S3 graphics port from MAME and ARC support, resulting in the ability to run Windows 2000 for the DEC Alpha.

Here is a screenshot of Windows 2000 in es40:

win2k

Here is OpenVMS running noticeably faster with JIT enabled:

operator console

There is also OpenVMS graphics support, no need for X11 tunneling anymore:

openvms desktop

To get to a graphical login, start up OpenVMS, log in on the Operator Console and start the graphical system:

@SYS$MANAGER:DECW$STARTUP   

Then type logout to get out of the operator console and get the login window:

login manager

This will not be a setup guide, I just wanted to inform you of the new fork and the great progress that has been made. I've been trying out the build with massive speedups due to the JIT compiler and it feels way faster than without JIT support, both Windows NT and OpenVMS.

There is a full guide on getting Windows 2000 up and running here, as well as instructions for Tru64 Unix.

The setup is quite involved. es40 is provided as source and a precompiled binary via github. The configuration wizard has been updated for the new features. You need to upgrade the ARC firmware first with the Alpha Systems Firmware Update v7.3(part AG-RCFBX-BS) CD-ROM. You also have to use a different VGA Bios firmware (not the vgabios-0.6a.bin file you would use for AXPBox), this one from 86box, 86c764x1.bin - S3 VGA BIOS.

Upgrading the arc firmware went reasonably fast in the JIT build:

arc upgrade

After the upgrade, type arc on the SRM prompt to boot into the graphical BIOS:

alphabios

Then there will be a memory test, which you can disable in the Advanced CMOS settings screen:

nt setup bios

To actually install Windows 2000, you need to get Windows 2000 RC2 build 2128 from archive.org.

The setup is straightforward. If you've ever installed any Windows version up to I think vista, it's the same blue screen first for partitioning, then boots into a sparse GUI.

It does take quite some time, for me almost 20 minutes.

nt setup

When the installation is finished, you're greeted by a desktop and welcome screen:

nt desktop

Tags: alpha , axpbox , blog , dec , es40 , openvms , pdp , unix , vax , vms , vsi , windows
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