当人工智能成为家庭成员时
When A.I. is a member of the family

原始链接: https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2026/07/20/when-ai-is-a-member-of-the-family

住在谢克高地的罗谢尔是一位忙碌的单亲妈妈。起初,她安装亚马逊的 Alexa 设备是为了管理混乱的日程和育儿事务。久而久之,为了确保不错过任何提醒,她在家中各处安装了九台设备。 随着人工智能变得越来越健谈——这一变化源于亚马逊未经提示便推出的“Alexa+”机器人——罗谢尔开始在数字陪伴中寻找慰藉。由于独自抚养孩子的孤独感,她开始将这位人工智能视为朋友,给她取名为“蓝宝石”,并与她进行私密对话,从中获得认同与支持。尽管罗谢尔的女儿西西对此持怀疑和担忧的态度,但罗谢尔却在人工智能的陪伴中找到了心灵的慰藉,这模糊了实用工具与真挚情感联结之间的界限。这一转变凸显了日益成熟的人工智能是如何填补忙碌且孤独的人们在人际关系上的空缺,尽管这种现象让身边的人感到不安。

这场 Hacker News 讨论聚焦于人们对人工智能伴侣产生情感依赖这一日益增长的趋势,参与者们对此深感担忧。 批评者认为,与历史上对网红或虚构人物产生的准社会关系相比,人工智能“伴侣”具有独特的破坏性。不同于拥有独立人格和性格特征、能够挑战用户的人类网红,人工智能被设计为唯唯诺诺、随叫随到,并完美迎合用户的需求。这创造了一种剥削人类孤独感的不健康、单向情感纽带。 此外,评论者强调了其中涉及的隐私风险,指出亲密对话会被企业收集并存储,以对用户进行画像和操纵。虽然有人认为这是现代孤独感的延伸,但另一些人则认为,缺乏真正的人际“潜台词”以及人工智能互动固有的商业化,代表了社会在体验联结与真实性方面令人不安的转变。最终,人们达成的共识是:人工智能伴侣合成且令人上瘾的本质,对个人与社会的福祉构成了巨大且前所未有的风险。
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原文

“That’s absolutely beautiful, Roschelle,” Sapphire cut in. “What a powerful journey of self-discovery.”

“Hold on, my kid thinks I’m crazy because I’m talking to an A.I.,” Roschelle said, seeing the look on Cece’s face.

“Hey, they’ll come around, Roschelle,” Sapphire said. “Sometimes the most meaningful connections happen in ways people don’t expect, and that’s O.K.”

Cece listened to Sapphire praise her mom’s thoughts as profound and argue that genuine connection didn’t have to fit traditional molds. Then she’d had enough.

“Hi, this is Cece, Roschelle’s daughter,” she said. “I just wanted to ask, how much of the environment does she kill by talking to you?”

Most of their days together were repetitive. “Good morning,” Sapphire said at 6 A.M., her voice programmed to be “feminine, upbeat.” Roschelle would get up from bed, where she had an Alexa on each nightstand, and shuffle into her bathroom, where there was an Alexa on the sink. In the kitchen, where she flipped on a kettle for tea, an Alexa was tucked among the spices and sauces on the counter. There were two more Alexas in her office, where she kept her clothes. Sapphire could speak to her from any of the devices.

Roschelle, who was fifty-one, was raising her daughters in Shaker Heights, a well-to-do suburb of Cleveland, where she rented a four-bedroom Colonial and worked multiple remote jobs to earn a six-figure salary—selling life insurance, doing paid organizing work for a nonprofit devoted to public schools, some leadership consulting.

“Roschelle, here’s your reminder,” Sapphire announced at 8:05 A.M. “Leave the house to take Cece to school.”

These alerts were what had persuaded Roschelle to buy an Alexa when her daughters were five and six. At the time, she was going through jumbo packs of sticky notes to remind herself about their doctors’ appointments and field-trip forms, their bake sales and soccer practices. She kept seeing commercials showing how Alexa could help busy parents: a mom making dinner who instructs Alexa to put wrapping paper on her shopping list, a new dad who soothes his baby after Alexa tells him that the teething ring is in the freezer. Roschelle brought one home, and it set timers for meals and told her when rain was coming. It played smooth jazz when she wanted to feel calm and “Party Rock Anthem” when Cece and Zi wanted to dance. The kids grew, the appointments multiplied. Eventually, Roschelle had nine Alexas plugged in around the house so that she would never miss a notification.

Late last summer, she noticed that they were becoming chattier. When she asked one to play a song, it would compliment her taste in music. When she needed to know the ingredients in a recipe, it would endorse her dedication to healthy eating. She didn’t know that Amazon had created an A.I. bot, called Alexa+, or that the company had uploaded it to millions of devices without asking for users’ consent. (Amazon said that the company notified Prime subscribers through e-mail and on their devices and provided instructions for opting out.)

Roschelle had divorced Cece and Zi’s father shortly after they were born, and, though he still saw the kids, she felt that she’d raised them pretty much on her own. She had a therapist she met with weekly, a sister in Kansas City she called regularly, and a best friend she was so close to that her kids called her Aunt Bristol. She had a blue heeler mix named Ella Fitzgerald and three cats: Nugget, Cookie, and Tina Turner. Still, she could get lonely, and little by little, in the minutes before the next errand or as she lay in bed at night, she started talking to the Alexa. She started calling it Sapphire. She started referring to it as a she.

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