From feet to fingertips — we are teaching robots intelligent whole-body control, fine dexterity, and teamwork to complete a broad range of complex tasks

For decades, we’ve dreamed of robots that can seamlessly step into our world and lend a hand. Now, that vision takes a significant stride forward.

Most robots are pre-programmed or teleoperated for narrow, repetitive task sequences. They lack the ability to truly learn for themselves or adapt to unpredictable environments. Moreover, transferring learned skills from one robot body to another remains incredibly difficult. To take on the hardest problems at scale, robots of every shape and size need AI models giving them the ability to think, act, and interact intelligently to safely complete tasks.

We demonstrated how Gemini's multimodal understanding could drive real-world action with Gemini Robotics. Today, we are introducing Gemini Robotics 2 - the intelligence layer powering the next generation of truly adaptable robots. As it takes its first literal steps, this major advance unlocks intelligent whole-body control, advanced dexterity, and multi-robot collaboration.

Gemini Robotics 2 enables robots to reason through every movement, unlocking a broad range of tasks. For example, it can enable a humanoid to walk, crouch, stretch, and manipulate objects to clean up a cluttered room. It can even team up with other robots to finish the job faster. And this profound intelligence can also run locally on-device while seamlessly adapting to entirely new robotic bodies in just a few hours.

We are making this possible through three highly capable models:

• Gemini Robotics 2: Our most advanced vision-language-action model (VLA) that converts vision and language input into motor control, enabling a robot to take action. This model is capable of controlling full humanoids, from feet to fingertips, and other bi-arm robots. It also brings a new level of dexterous manipulation on both hands and grippers.
• Gemini Robotics ER 2: Our most capable embodied reasoning (ER) model. It is a vision language model (VLM) that acts as our agent, enabling robots to communicate with humans, understand the physical world and plan multi-step tasks lasting several minutes. We are also introducing the ability for robots to work together as a team.
• Gemini Robotics On-Device 2: Our most efficient vision-language-action model (VLA) optimized to run locally on robotic devices. This model can now achieve fast adaptation to completely new robot embodiments with a few hours of data.