Quantego:乐高版 IBM 量子计算机模型系列
Quantego: A Family of Lego Models of IBM Quantum Computers

原始链接: https://quantego.org/

Quantego 提供了一系列精致的乐高模型,旨在重现 IBM 量子计算机。该项目由 Mathilda Lahmann 和 Luca Crippa 等爱好者发起,包含三种不同的设计:IBM Quantum System One(49 块积木)以及两个版本的 IBM Quantum System Two(分别为 105 块积木的基础版和 1024 块积木的高端模型)。 这些模型均使用 BrickLink Studio 设计,网站提供了详尽的拼搭说明书、零件清单以及数字文件(.io 和 .ldr),供爱好者自行拼搭复刻。用户还可以通过交互式的网页版 3D 查看器来探索模型、检查单个零件并了解量子力学知识。该平台甚至集成了量子电路模拟器,当模拟运行时,模型中的“吊灯”结构会闪烁,以模拟真实机器的工作状态。 对于有意拼搭的用户,可以通过 BrickLink 购买零件,或将提供的 JSON 文件上传至乐高官网的“Pick a Brick”服务。此外,Quantego.biz 也提供完整的拼搭套件;而作为另一项独立项目,RasQberry 还提供了一个由树莓派(Raspberry Pi)驱动的功能性替代方案。Quantego 将创意乐高拼搭与量子计算的复杂世界相结合,带来了富有教育意义的体验。

关于展示 IBM 量子计算机乐高模型的网站“Quantego”,Hacker News 上的讨论迅速从对技术微缩模型的轻松赞赏,演变为一场关于量子计算行业合法性的两极化争论。 虽然一些用户欣赏这些乐高低温恒温器模型的美学和教育价值,但其他人利用该讨论串就该领域的科学有效性展开了激烈辩论。一位直言不讳的批评者声称量子计算是“伪科学骗局”,断言目前的设备只能产生昂贵的随机噪声,且无法提供实际的经济价值。 该领域的支持者和研究人员对此进行了反驳,列举了量子通信、低温物理和光子学领域的真实进展。他们承认营销炒作的存在,但认为这些工作代表了正当的工程实践和长期科学研究,而非欺诈。这场辩论凸显了高水平物理研究缓慢的迭代本质与公众对即时、实际应用的需求之间日益增长的矛盾,并将其与人工智能和生物技术领域常见的怀疑论进行了比较。
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原文

Quantego is a family of LEGO models of IBM Quantum Computers

The first version of Quantego was created by Mathilda Lahmann, as mentioned on LinkedIn in December 2021 and in April 2022.

Quantego

Currently, we feature three different versions: a LEGO model of IBM Quantum System One (49 bricks), a model of IBM Quantum System Two (105 bricks), and a much more sophisticated, high-end model of IBM Quantum System Two (1024 bricks).

For each of the models, build instructions and a parts list are provided. The instructions, digital pictures, and animations were created with BrickLink Studio LEGO digital design software. Part numbers (3001, 4201, etc.) are as on BrickLink.

Compare the models

All three models shown side by side at the same physical scale. Drag to rotate, scroll or pinch to zoom.

IBM Quantum System One

Quantego build animation

Quantego Quantego Quantego

💡 This 3D viewer is interactive — like all of them on this page. Drag to rotate (a click on the background pauses or resumes the slow spin) and step through the build with the ‹ › buttons — they place or remove one brick at a time. Switch the play bar from Bricks to Steps and ▶, the progress bar and ‹ › work on whole building steps instead: every step highlights its new bricks and lists exactly which parts to add, like interactive build instructions — and the fastest way to jump to a specific step, especially in the 1024-brick model. Click any brick to identify it, open the 🧱 parts list, or take the ℹ️ tour to learn what each part of a real quantum computer does. The 📸 button saves a snapshot, and 🔗 copies a link to your exact view.

Build instructions

Build instructions can be found here

Parts List

Quantego

Digital design

The digital design file is available here. This .io file can be imported into BrickLink Studio and used to order the bricks at any of the BrickLink shops. The model is also available in the open LDraw format (.ldr), which is what powers the interactive 3D viewer above.

IBM Quantum System Two

Quantego build animation

Run a quantum circuit

The real machine runs quantum circuits — so here is one you can play with. Place an H gate to put a qubit into superposition, add a CNOT to entangle it with another qubit (click once to place the control ●, then click the target ⊕), and press run: the circuit is simulated right in your browser and measured 1024 times. Every run makes the golden chandelier inside the cryostat of the model above flash — that is where the qubits live, at 15 millikelvin, and this model lets you look right at them. Try the Bell pair preset — the two entangled qubits always agree, no matter how often you measure. Prefer it simpler? Switch the simulator down to one or two qubits.

Build instructions

Build instructions can be found here

Parts List

Quantego

Digital design

The digital design file is available here. This .io file can be imported into BrickLink Studio and used to order the bricks at any of the BrickLink shops. The model is also available in the open LDraw format (.ldr), which is what powers the interactive 3D viewer above.

High-end model of IBM Quantum System Two

Luca Crippa has designed a sophisticated and beautiful 1024-brick model of IBM Quantum System Two.

Quantego

You’ll find more renders of the 1024-brick model in the Renders folder.

Here are some photos of the built model; more will be posted in the Photos folder.

Quantego Quantego

Build instructions

Build instructions can be found here.

Parts List

Parts list can be found at the end of the build instructions file. You can also download this json and upload it on the official Lego Pick a Brick website of your Country (example) to purchase all the parts directly from Lego. Just upload the json by clicking on the “Upload List” button.

Digital design

The digital design file is available here. This .io file can be imported into BrickLink Studio. The model is also available in the open LDraw format (.ldr), which is what powers the interactive 3D viewer above.

Disclaimer

This 1024-brick model has been designed by LEGO amateurs (not professionals): due to its rather complex design, it could be subject to issues. Any feedback for improvement is welcome!

Superposition

A qubit does not have to choose between 0 and 1. Until it is measured, it can be in a superposition: both states at once, each carried with its own weight — the amplitude. A measurement forces the decision: the outcome is random, 0 or 1, with probabilities given by the squares of those amplitudes — and the superposition is gone.

Here is our LEGO take on it. The model below is System One and System Two at the same time, in an equal superposition. Click it to measure: it collapses to one of the two machines, each with 50% probability, and stays that way until the next click (or the glowing 0/1 button) prepares a new superposition.

Kits

A small internet shop provides complete kits of these models at Quantego.biz.

RasQberry

In case you would like to build a functional model of the IBM Quantum System One quantum computer, based on 3D printing, a Raspberry Pi mini computer and Qiskit (IBM’s open source quantum computing software framework), have a look at rasqberry.org.


This GitHub project is not affiliated in any way with Lego, bricklink, nor IBM. LEGO and BrickLink are trademarks of the LEGO Group. IBM and IBM Quantum are trademarks of International Business Machines Corporation.

Acknowledgments

The interactive 3D viewers are built with three.js (LDrawLoader and OrbitControls) and use the LDraw™ Parts Library (parts geometry is licensed CC BY). Augmented-reality viewing is powered by <model-viewer>. The quantum circuit simulator is a self-contained statevector simulation that runs entirely in your browser. The models were designed in BrickLink Studio.

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