Debian 已开始就 AI/LLM 贡献的未来进行投票。
Debian has begun voting on the future of AI/LLM contributions

原始链接: https://lists.debian.org/debian-devel-announce/2026/08/msg00002.html

Debian 项目正在就其关于在项目贡献中使用大型语言模型(LLM)和生成式人工智能的政策进行正式投票。投票于 2026 年 8 月 15 日至 8 月 28 日向所有 Debian 开发者开放。 该项决议包含九个投票选项,反映了多种不同的理念: * **限制性方针:** 提案范围从为了稳定性及版权清晰而完全禁止使用 LLM 辅助贡献(选项 1),到倾向于仅限人工输入并严格执行《行为准则》(选项 3/7)。 * **宽松/准则导向方针:** 其他选项允许使用 LLM,但要求必须进行披露、由人工承担责任、符合法律合规性,并避免使用敏感数据(选项 2、4、5 和 6)。 * **伦理/环境导向:** 选项 8 将 LLM 基础设施对环境的影响作为核心关切点。 开发者须通过签名电子邮件将排序后的选票发送至 `[email protected]`。此过程遵循《Debian 章程》,项目组将通过加密哈希值确保投票者隐私。完整文本及详细信息可在 Debian 官方投票网站查看。

Debian 已经发起了一项正式投票,旨在确定其对在项目贡献中使用人工智能(AI)和大语言模型(LLM)的立场。投票选项涵盖了从基于版权问题的全面禁止,到采取温和立场的各种提案。 辩论的核心在于,作为一个以严格遵守版权、许可协议和人工编写代码而闻名的项目,Debian 应如何处理法律来源不明的贡献。尽管一些人认为应仅关注代码质量和功能,但另一些人指出,Debian 严苛的法律标准要求其必须针对 AI 生成内容难以预测的版权状态制定正式政策。 投票过程采用加密验证系统,允许参与者在不泄露匿名性的前提下确认自己的选票已被正确记录。由于 Debian 采用去中心化的起草流程,这些提案在基调和意图上存在显著差异;有些旨在对 Debian 的具体工作施加严格规则,而有些仅作为不具约束力的声明。最终,该项目旨在建立一个符合其长期以来对法律清晰度和社区驱动开发之承诺的官方立场。
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原文
General resolution: LLM usage in Debian: First call for votes: corrected ballot


Hi,

This is a corrected ballot for the GR about LLM usage in Debian.

     Voting period starts      2026-08-15 00:00:00 UTC
     Votes must be received by 2026-08-28 23:59:59 UTC

This vote is being conducted as required by the Debian Constitution.
You may see the constitution at https://www.debian.org/devel/constitution.
For voting questions or problems contact [email protected].

The details of the general resolution can be found at:
https://www.debian.org/vote/2026/vote_002

Also, note that you can get a fresh ballot any time before the end of
the vote by sending a signed mail to
   [email protected]
with the subject "gr_llm".

To vote you need to be a Debian Developer.


HOW TO VOTE

First, read the full text of the options.

You might also want to read discussions at
https://lists.debian.org/debian-vote/

To cast a vote, it is necessary to send this ballot filled out to a
dedicated e-mail address, in a signed message, as described below.
The dedicated email address this ballot should be sent to is:

  [email protected]

The form you need to fill out is contained bellow in this message, marked
with two lines containing the characters '-=-=-=-=-=-'. Do not erase
anything between those lines, and do not change the choice names.

There are 9 choices in the form, which you may rank with numbers between 1
and 9. In the brackets next to your preferred choice, place a 1. Place a 2
in the brackets next to your next choice. Continue until you reach your
last choice. Do not enter a number smaller than 1 or larger than 9.

You may skip numbers, leave some choices unranked, and rank options
equally. Unranked choices are considered equally the least desired
choices, and ranked below all ranked choices.

To vote "no, no matter what", rank "None of the above" as more desirable
than the unacceptable choices, or you may rank the "None of the above"
choice and leave choices you consider unacceptable blank. (Note: if the
"None of the above" choice is unranked, then it is equal to all other
unranked choices, if any -- no special consideration is given to the
"None of the above" choice by the voting software).

Finally, mail the filled out ballot to:
[email protected].

Don't worry about spacing of the columns or any quote characters (">")
that your reply inserts.

NOTE: The vote must be GPG signed (or PGP signed) with your key that is
in the Debian keyring. You may, if you wish, choose to send a signed,
encrypted ballot: use the vote key appended below for encryption.

The voting software (Devotee) accepts mail that either contains only an
unmangled OpenPGP message (RFC 2440 compliant), or a PGP/MIME mail
(RFC 3156 compliant). To avoid problems I suggest you use PGP/MIME.

VOTING SECRECY

This is a secret vote. After the voting period there will be a record
of all the votes without the name of the voter. It will instead contain
a cryptographic hash. You will receive a secret after you have voted
that can be used to calculate that hash. This allows you to verify
that your vote is in the list. This secret is sent in an encrypted
mail.

VOTING FORM

- - -=-=-=-=-=- Don't Delete Anything Between These Lines =-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-
d69f9187-ed2f-40b6-a2eb-4211d3f84d86
[ ] Choice 1: Ban LLM contributions from Debian via Social Contract
[ ] Choice 2: Allow AI-Assisted Contributions with conditions
[ ] Choice 3: Reject LLMs as far as practical, update Code of Conduct
[ ] Choice 4: Accept AI contributions for Debian specific work
[ ] Choice 5: Responsible Use of Generative AI
[ ] Choice 6: A cautious approach to generative AI
[ ] Choice 7: Debian is created by humans
[ ] Choice 8: Avoid the use of LLM: climate destruction is a deal breaker
[ ] Choice 9: None of the above
- - -=-=-=-=-=- Don't Delete Anything Between These Lines =-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-

----------------------------------------------------------------------

The responses to a valid vote shall be signed by the vote key created
for this vote. The public key for the vote, signed by the Project
secretary, is appended below.

BALLOT OPTIONS

Choice 1: Ban LLM contributions from Debian via Social Contract
===============================================================

    Preamble
    --------

    This proposal aims to expressly forbid any contributions to Debian
    written with the use or assistance of large language models (LLMs) or
    other generative AI tools.

    The scope of this GR is (non-exhaustive):
    - Debian source packages
    - Official Debian project software, such as lintian
    - Debian web resources
    - Documentation and translations added by Debian contributors
    - Official communication from Debian

    It does not include:

    - Upstream projects using LLMs for development
    - AI-related software
    - Upstream patches/security fixes etc.

    Rationale
    ---------

    Debian has a well-earned reputation for stability. This stability is
    crucial to Debian's position in the free software ecosystem. It is our
    belief that widespread LLM usage comes from the "move fast, and break
    things" attitude that, while common in many parts of this industry, is
    contrary to what makes Debian Debian, and is inappropriate for Debian
    contributors.

    In practical terms, LLM usage raises the following concerns:

    1.  Copyright
    -------------

    LLM output has very unclear legal status: it may be possible to
    copyright on its own merits, or not; it may be affected by all of the
    licenses and copyrights in the training data, or not. Debian Policy
    and the DFSG require absolute clarity for licensing and
    copyright[1][2]. Software and other contributions written
    conventionally by humans with unclear copyright or license status are
    not allowed in Debian; LLM output should not have a special exception
    to this.

    2. Quality
    ----------

    LLM output has many well-known problems with accuracy.[3][4][5] A LLM
    can never "know" if its output is correct since it merely produces
    syntactically likely combinations of the training data. In some
    environments this is good enough. In Debian, it is not. For instance,
    in packaging, each Debian source package is unique. Since packaging
    syntax and best practices have changed over time, a LLM-produced
    package will have a mixture of contents spanning the age of the
    archive, with watch files that do not work, overrides out of context,
    imaginary copyright, and will generally be unfit for upload. A
    seasoned Debian contributor with packaging expertise may find some
    limited usefulness here, but a new contributor cannot, and would not
    know how to fix it. These same quality and accuracy concerns apply
    clearly to all of the areas listed in the scope of this proposal
    above. If Debian were a closed organization comprising only domain
    experts who never leave, this might not be an issue; however,

    3. Community
    -------------

    Debian is a project that is more than just code: it is a community
    built on shared interests in free software and solving technical
    problems. Debian intentionally grows this community through many
    means, and new contributors are always encouraged to join. Allowing
    LLM contributions breaks this. New contributors submitting LLM output
    for review places an unnecessary strain on the reviewer, which can
    lead to burnout. Furthermore, LLM-dependent new contributors do not
    actually learn and understand the details of Debian packaging or
    processes, so they cannot come to replace a former burned out DD.

    4. Ethics
    ---------

    LLM companies directly hurt the free software community as whole by
    scraping the whole web for training data without any regard for
    license, copyright, or even established conventions such as
    robots.txt.[6] This has had a major negative impact on Debian's public
    web resources, effectively a large scale and perpetual Denial of
    Service attack on sites that many users rely on. As a consequence
    parts of our infrastructure were not reachable at all, and JS-based
    checks had to be enabled. Many other projects were similarly affected.
    Furthermore, LLM training consumes a staggering amount of
    resources[7], and the user verification systems that we have been
    forced to implement as protection waste resources as well. This is
    blatant disregard for the internet as a public resource, wastes system
    administrator time, and although individual LLM sessions do not
    directly use massive resources or DoS the public web, the fact that
    they can be used at all is a direct result of these unethical
    behaviours by the LLM companies.

    Debian has a Social Contract. [8] Our priorities are our users and
    free software. Debian is Stable. [9] Users and organizations choose
    Debian because it is reliable and secure.

    Debian is not here to generate as much code as possible requiring
    manual review by a shrinking number of human volunteers, or to package
    every piece of software, or to rush new features, but these are what
    LLMs are used for.

    In conclusion, allowing LLM contributions is contrary to the social
    contract and the common cause of creating a free operating system with
    a focus on quality and stability.

    Proposal
    --------

    In the interest of not eroding Debian's reputation or further damaging
    the community, LLM-assisted contributions should be prohibited from
    inclusion in Debian.

    Though our position is that LLM contributions are contrary to
    documents already ratified by Debian, in order to remove all doubt, we
    propose the following addition to the Social Contract:

    6. Works Created through the use of Large Language Models (LLMs)

    We will not allow direct contributions to Debian written with the use
    or assistance of large language models (LLMs) or other generative AI
    tools. Direct contributions are defined as packaging, native Debian
    software like lintian, documentation and translations written by
    Debian contributors, and official Debian web resources, etc. Other
    categories such as upstream projects written with LLM assistance may
    be included at a later date. This ensures that Debian remains a
    stable, trusted, and reliable operating system, and protects the
    interests of the Debian volunteers who make it possible.

    Possible Issues
    ---------------

    Other projects exploring similar decisions have elicited a common
    reply: "How will you enforce a ban on LLM contributions?" While
    enforcement could be a challenge, this is a statement of intent by the
    Debian community, and we trust this community to adhere to it in good
    faith.

    Citations
    ---------

    [1] https://www.debian.org/doc/debian-policy/ch-archive.html#copyright-considerations
    [2] https://www.debian.org/social_contract#guidelines
    [3] https://web.archive.org/web/20240614004123/https://news.northeastern.edu/2023/11/10/ai-chatbot-hallucinations/
    [4] https://web.archive.org/web/20250328154700/https://transformer-circuits.pub/2025/attribution-graphs/biology.html#dives-cot
    [5] https://www.marketwatch.com/story/openais-sam-altman-tells-salesforces-marc-benioff-that-ai-hallucinations-are-more-feature-than-bug-1c035c52
    [6] https://lwn.net/Articles/1008897/
    [7] https://tech-insider.org/ai-data-center-power-crisis-2026/
    [8] https://www.debian.org/social_contract
    [9] https://www.debian.org/doc/manuals/debian-reference/pr01.en.html#_what_is_debian

    Disclaimers
    -----------

    Citations are for background information only and do not reflect
    an endorsement of specific websites.  Some ideas and wording were
    derived from the sources below.

    Sources
    -------

    GNOME discussion:
    https://discourse.gnome.org/t/loupe-no-longer-allows-generative-ai-contributions/27327
    (CC0) Gentoo AI policy:
    https://wiki.gentoo.org/wiki/Project:Council/AI_policyxi
    Codeberg AI policy:
    https://codeberg.org/Codeberg/org/pulls/1253#issuecomment-19820434

    This document was written by Matthias Geiger and Jesse Rhodes with
    input from Sledge and josch, organically and without language model
    assistance.


Choice 2: Allow AI-Assisted Contributions with conditions
=========================================================

    Using its power under Constitution section 4.1 (5), the project issues
    the following statement describing its current position on AI-assisted
    contributions. This statement describes the position of the project at
    the time it is adopted. That position may evolve as time passes
    without the need to resort to future general resolutions. The GR
    process remains available if the project needs a decision and cannot
    come to a consensus.

    The Debian project recognizes that AI-assisted contributions raise
    many concerns, e.g. about the technical quality and maintainability of
    such contributions, and their legal status. AI itself also raises
    additional concerns, about its impact on society at large, on the IT
    industry and on Free Software; about its environmental impact; and the
    aggressive or non-compliant practices of AI scrapers.

    Nevertheless, many Debian contributors find AI tools helpful when
    contributing to Debian, and ultimately for improving Debian.

    Given both the benefits and risks of AI assistance, and the
    controversial discussions within the community, the Debian project
    finds it necessary to clarify its position on AI-assisted
    contributions and establish clear guidelines.

    The Debian project allows AI-assisted contributions (partially or
    fully generated by an LLM), provided the following conditions are met:

    1. *Tooling Legal Compatibility*: Contributors should ensure that the
    terms and conditions of the generative AI tool do not impose
    contractual restrictions that conflict with the distribution,
    modification, or use of the output in the context of Debian.

    2. *Licensing and Attribution*: If any pre-existing copyrighted
    materials (including pre-existing code licensed as free software)
    authored or owned by third parties are included in the AI tool’s
    output, prior to contributing such output to the project, the
    contributor should verify they have the right to submit it under the
    relevant open source license.

    3. *Accountability*: Contributors assume full responsibility for their
    contributions, including vouching for the technical merit, security,
    license compliance, and utility of their submissions. The contributor
    remains solely accountable for the entirety of these contributions.
    Contributors should fully understand the proposed changes and be
    prepared to justify them.

    4. *Disclosure*: When a significant portion of a contribution is
    generated or substantially assisted by a tool, contributors should
    disclose the use of the tool, making it clearly visible to the
    intended audience. This covers all forms of contribution, including
    code, mailing list posts, and bug discussions. The form of the
    disclosure is left to the contributor; one convenient option for
    commits is a Git trailer such as Generated-By: or Assisted-By:.

    5. *Prior Discussion of Bulk or Automated Changes*: Similarly to the
    mass-bug filing process (Developers Reference section 7.1.1),
    contributors should discuss their intention before submitting bulk or
    autonomously generated contributions. Any such automated process
    should be overseen by a human who remains accountable for its behavior
    and output.

    6. *Confidentiality and Privacy*: Contributors must not use generative
    AI tools that transmit data to untrusted providers with non-public or
    sensitive project information (such as embargoed security reports or
    private communication), as this may lead to the unintended disclosure
    of confidential data.

Choice 3: Reject LLMs as far as practical, update Code of Conduct
=================================================================

    Summary: Reject LLMs (generative "AI") as far as practical

    BACKGROUND
    ----------

    LLMs have many serious problems, including: undermining the mechanisms
    of free software community building; environmental damage;
    exploitation of authors; disruption to open web hosting by aggressive
    scraping; generation and promulgation of bullshit, polluting the
    information commons; hazards to users' mental health; economic bubbles
    and distortion of the computer hardware market; fraud; ownership by
    horrible people and companies; and so on. Ethical and safe use of this
    technology is almost impossible.

    Ideally, LLM output should not form any part of software that we rely
    on, nor should LLM output ever take the place of human-written prose.

    Unfortunately some of the wider software world, including many of our
    upstreams, take a different view. Therefore a complete ban on LLM
    output as part of Debian is currently impractical.

    REQUESTS
    --------

    1. We request that all contributors to Debian avoid the use of LLMs in
    their Debian work.

    2. We request that all decisionmakers within Debian discourage LLM use
    as much as practical. Practicality is a judgement call and we
    recognise that it will involve uncomfortable compromises.

    3. We request that everyone, even outside Debian, should refrain from
    using this technology. In particular, the Free Software and Open
    Source communities should reject LLMs. We recognise that not everyone
    will heed this call.

    REQUIREMENTS (SUPPLEMENT TO THE CODES OF CONDUCT)
    -------------------------------------------------

    4. Within Debian, messages to humans (including for example bug
    reports, mailing list messages, discussions on Salsa, and blog posts
    on Planet Debian) must be drafted solely by humans without LLM
    assistance.

    5. Moderators and disciplinary teams may make narrow and tailored
    exceptions to rule 4, and decide on interpretation.

    6. Any use of LLMs for Debian work must be disclosed.

    7. Individual projects and maintainers may ban LLM contributions
    completely. Such bans (including by upstream projects) must be
    respected.

    8. Violations of these requirements should be treated as violations of
    the relevant Code of Conduct and should result in swift and
    proportionate disciplinary action.

Choice 4: Accept AI contributions for Debian specific work
==========================================================

    Debian as a project does not endorse or recommend the use of
    generative AI assistants for software development, as it raises
    multiple concerns about ethics, legality, copyright, etc.

    Nevertheless, Debian acknowledges that these practices are already in
    use and here to stay. Rather than banning their use, which seems
    counter-productive and unenforceable, the project chooses to place
    responsibility on contributors and therefore defines the following
    guidelines.

    *These apply exclusively to code and work done specifically for the
    Debian project (Debian websites, applications, resources, packages,
    etc.)*. They do not apply to any upstream work. In what follows, "work"
    refers to the contributions done specifically for the Debian project.

    - All code and work assisted by a generative AI agent or tool must
      comply with the DFSG.
    - The submitter is solely responsible for the submitted work and:
      - they sufficiently evaluated and properly understand the work they
        intend to submit, and are able to explain and defend it;
      - they put any potential Signed-off-by tag and OpenPGP signatures on
        the contributions they send to the Debian infrastructure (package,
        commit, mail, …) themselves;
      - any content uploaded that would end up in production on Debian
        infrastructure (main git branch, package upload) has been
        submitted by them explicitely.
    - Work assisted by a generative AI agent or tool should be marked as
      such in the adapted place (commit message, changelog, …). Some
      lightweight generative tools, such as tab-completion in Copilot, may
      be used without the contributor realising they rely on generative AI
      models; we therefore trust submitters to assess when this rule
      applies. When in doubt, add such marking;
    - No cloud-based AI shall be used when the data transmitted could
      either be sensitive to the project (personal data, information under
      embargo, …) or not public (debian-private discussions, …).


Choice 5: Responsible Use of Generative AI
==========================================

    Using its power under Constitution section 4.1 (5), the project issues
    the following statement describing its current position on AI-assisted
    contributions. This statement describes the position of the project at
    the time it is adopted. That position may evolve as time passes
    without the need to resort to future general resolutions. The GR
    process remains available if the project needs a decision and cannot
    come to a consensus.

    Debian neither endorses nor prohibits the use of generative AI tools
    in the development, maintenance, or documentation of software,
    packaging, documentation, and other media published within the Debian
    Project. We recognize that such tools can substantially improve the
    productivity of contributors when used responsibly, allowing
    volunteers to spend more of their limited time on work that requires
    technical expertise, judgment, review, and collaboration.

    The Debian Project nevertheless expects that all contributions
    submitted to Debian, regardless of how and with which tools they were
    produced, satisfy the same standards of quality, correctness,
    maintainability, and legal compliance. The use of a generative AI tool
    does not diminish the contributor's responsibility for the work they
    submit. Contributors are expected to understand, review, test, and,
    where appropriate, modify AI-assisted output before incorporating it
    into Debian. Blindly accepting or uploading AI-generated material
    without appropriate human review is inconsistent with Debian's
    established development practices. We enourage our contributors to
    disclose whether a contribution was made with AI assitance, but do not
    require them to do so.

    Debian acknowledges that the legal status of material produced by
    generative AI systems remains the subject of ongoing discussion in
    many jurisdictions, including questions relating to copyright,
    authorship, licensing, and potential reproduction of training
    material. The Project does not seek to resolve these unsettled legal
    questions through this General Resolution, nor does it adopt a
    position on whether AI-generated output is, in whole or in part,
    copyrightable or derived from copyrighted works.

    Instead, Debian continues to rely on the judgment and responsibility
    of its individual contributors. Project members are expected to
    exercise appropriate care when using generative AI tools, to consider
    the provenance and licensing implications of material they contribute,
    and to avoid introducing content whose legal status they cannot
    reasonably justify. Existing Debian policies governing licensing,
    copyright, software freedom, and the acceptance of contributions
    continue to apply irrespective of the tools used to produce those
    contributions.

    Contributors are expected to exercise appropriate care when designing
    and implementing workflows that incorporate generative AI tools. In
    particular, they should ensure that confidential information, private
    communications, security-sensitive information (such as embargoed
    information about security bugs that is not yet public), cryptographic
    keys, credentials, and other non-public material relating to the
    Debian Project, its infrastructure, or its community are not disclosed
    to third-party AI services unless such disclosure has been explicitly
    authorized and is consistent with Debian's security and privacy
    requirements.

    The use of generative AI does not alter Debian's established
    expectations regarding large-scale or automated project actions.
    Contributors intending to perform actions with broad project impact,
    such as mass bug filing or patch submission, large-scale code
    modifications, or other automated changes or requests affecting many
    packages or contributors, should seek prior discussion and consensus
    through the appropriate project channels before proceeding. Any such
    automated process should be overseen by a human who remains
    accountable for its behavior and output.

    This resolution therefore affirms that generative AI is neither exempt
    from nor subject to special rules beyond the standards already
    expected of Debian contributors. The responsibility for every
    contribution rests with the contributor who submits it, who remains
    accountable for its technical quality, legal acceptability, and
    suitability for inclusion in Debian.


Choice 6: A cautious approach to generative AI
==============================================

    Using its power under Constitution section 4.1(5), the Project issues
    the following statement describing its current position regarding the
    use of generative AI within Debian.

    Debian recognizes that generative AI raises significant ethical,
    legal, technical, and social concerns. These include questions
    relating to copyright and licensing, privacy, the provenance and
    quality of generated material, the health of Free Software
    communities, and the long-term consequences of widespread reliance on
    AI-generated content.

    Accordingly, Debian encourages contributors to avoid the use of
    generative AI where practical and to prefer human authorship,
    collaboration, and technical understanding over AI-generated output.

    At the same time, Debian has long relied on the judgment and
    responsibility of its contributors rather than prescribing individual
    workflows. Contributors remain responsible for everything they submit,
    irrespective of the tools used in preparing a contribution. Existing
    Debian standards regarding quality, correctness, licensing, and legal
    compliance continue to apply.

    Contributors using external generative AI services should exercise
    particular care not to disclose confidential information, embargoed
    security information, credentials, cryptographic keys, private
    communications, personal data, or other non-public Debian information.

    Nothing in this resolution should be understood as requiring
    contributors to use generative AI, nor as preventing contributors or
    maintainers from choosing not to use or accept AI-assisted
    contributions. Debian's existing collaborative processes remain the
    appropriate means for resolving such differences while allowing the
    project to continue making progress.

    While disclosure is not required, contributors are encouraged to
    voluntarily disclose the use of generative AI where appropriate,
    allowing others who prefer not to interact with AI-assisted content to
    make informed choices.

    Such disclosure should be regarded as a courtesy to fellow
    contributors rather than an indication that AI-assisted contributions
    are subject to different technical or procedural standards.

    The Debian project has always recognized the commitment and
    professionalism of its members. All contributions are under the
    responsibility of the Debian Contributor making it, no matter the
    technology they have behind. We trust all Debian Developers,
    Maintainers and Contributors will continue to uphold the high quality
    values that have distinguished our project from its onset.

Choice 7: Debian is created by humans
=====================================

    Preamble
    --------

    This proposal aims to ensure that contributions directly to Debian are
    created by humans, while at the same time avoiding restrictions on the
    tools those humans may choose to use when contributing.

    The proposal deals with direct contributions to Debian, including, but
    not limited to:

    - Debian packaging
    - Submissions (messages, bug reports, patches, etc.) to the BTS,
      Salsa, mailing lists and other Debian platforms
    - Debian project software
    - Debian infrastructure
    - Debian web resources
    - Documentation and translation added as part of contributing to
      Debian
    - Official communication from Debian

    The proposal does not cover indirect contributions, i.e. those
    originating from upstream works.

    Generative AI is characterized by producing output of a nature that
    would ordinarily be produced and consumed by humans. The proposal
    seeks to restrict this output itself from entering Debian (except
    possibly indirectly, from upstream). It does not seek to restrict
    Debian contributors from consuming such output as part of contributing
    to Debian.

    Rationale
    ---------

    Debian has a well-earned reputation for stability. This stability is
    crucial to its position in the free software ecosystem. It is our
    belief that a significant part of this stability comes from Debian
    contributors having mutual understanding, trust and respect for each
    others' work and precious time. Generative AI tends to come with
    practical, legal, ethical or ecological concerns that warrant care or
    extra work that often ends up being borne by people other than those
    wielding the AI. We believe that this asymmetry between contributors
    leveraging generative AI to produce material, and those humans who
    bear that extra care and work, will erode the project's mutual
    understanding, trust and respect.

    While Debian has a long-standing tradition of strict rules for what
    goes into the distribution, it does not typically dictate what tools
    people use when contributing to the project. With this principle in
    mind, the proposal does not affect the use of generative AI as an
    assisitive tool to explore, research, analyze, critique, etc., when
    contributing. The responsibilities that come with using the output of
    an AI in such a role is then not transferred onto the wider project in
    the same problematic way as when the output itself is the
    contribution.

    Proposal
    --------

    In order to safeguard the project's mutual understanding, trust and
    respect, we disallow the output of generative AI as direct
    contributions to Debian.

    Those who use such tools assistively in their work are reminded to
    ensure that the resulting contribution is in line with the DFSG and
    the Social Contract in general.

    In summary, humans create Debian.

    Acknowledgements
    ----------------

    This proposal is inspired by GCC's AI Policy [1] and rust-lang's LLM
    Usage Policy [2]. Its wording is influenced by another ballot option
    [3].

    [1] https://gcc.gnu.org/ai-policy.html
    [2] https://forge.rust-lang.org/policies/llm-usage.html
    [3] https://www.debian.org/vote/2026/vote_002#texta


Choice 8: Avoid the use of LLM: climate destruction is a deal breaker
=====================================================================
    LLM usage accelerates the destruction of our ecosystem (planet earth)
    and that is a deal-breaker

    Using its power under Constitution section 4.1(5), the Project issues
    the following statement describing its current position regarding the
    use of LLM (Large Language Models) within Debian.

    We don't have a concern with the LLM _technology_ as such: it's just
    maths and enough training material, which outputs a very large set of
    numbers that we can use to infer new material from existing material.
    But we cannot talk about the LLM technology without talking about who
    is pushing for its usage, who is doing the training and how, what
    effect those have on our limited resources, and what are the
    economical and political motives of these.

    Foremost we don't understand how anyone can agree that global LLM
    usage accelerates the destruction of our ecosystem, planet earth, and
    not feel like that is a deal-breaker.

    Too often the only response we've seen to this point was that other
    activities are also bad (some even worse) for the climate. How is this
    even an argument? The planet is burning, we should try to stop that as
    much and as fast as we can! If others aren't stopping, isn't that even
    more reason to compensate for their irresponsible actions?

    And while we're on that point: All of our users live on this planet,
    so protecting this planet is a matter of life and death for all of us.
    In other words, caring about something as big as climate change during
    our Debian work is self evident.

    Debian recognizes that LLM *also* raise significant ethical, legal,
    technical, and social concerns. These include questions relating to
    copyright and licensing, privacy, the provenance and quality of
    generated material, the health of Free Software communities, and the
    long-term consequences of widespread reliance on LLM-generated
    content.

    That said, we would like to emphasize that we condemn LLM (resource)
    usage but not LLM users. Fight the game, but not the players.

    We also acknowledge that LLM usage can be hard if not impossible to
    detect and that Debian as a distribution cannot really impose LLM
    policies on other projects we package and distribute. Therefore this
    text is just a position statement. This said however, we appreciate
    the disclosure of LLM usage.

    Accordingly, Debian encourages contributors to avoid the use of LLM
    where practical and to prefer human authorship, collaboration, and
    technical understanding over LLM-generated output.

    At the same time, Debian has long relied on the judgment and
    responsibility of its contributors rather than prescribing individual
    workflows. Contributors remain responsible for everything they submit,
    irrespective of the tools used in preparing a contribution. Existing
    Debian standards regarding quality, correctness, licensing, and legal
    compliance continue to apply.

    The Debian project has always recognized the commitment and
    professionalism of its members. All contributions are under the
    responsibility of the Debian Contributor making it, no matter the
    technology they have behind. We trust all Debian Developers,
    Maintainers and Contributors will continue to uphold the high quality
    values that have distinguished our project from its onset.

    Please keep being excellent to each other and the only planet we have.


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