还有什么留给我们去处理?
What will be left for us to work on

原始链接: https://ICML.cc/virtual/2026/invited-talk/67274

鉴于人工智能的飞速发展,研究人员和开发人员应如何调整时间分配?我们又该培养哪些新技能,以防未来被时代淘汰?我认为,基于“人工智能作为常规技术”这一论点,我们仍有大量工作要做。该论点认为,在人工智能能力提升与任务或工作的自动化之间,仍存在诸多瓶颈。证据表明,将人工智能视为辅助性技术而非自动化技术更为恰当。人类精力的投入重心将转向那些难以验证的任务——即从开发模型转向构建框架,从单纯的建设转向评估与监控。从长远来看,随着纯技术技能的贬值,研究人员和开发人员都必须做出调整。在研究领域,人类的精力将从解决问题转向提出问题和寻求概念上的突破;在工业界,人际交往能力、领域知识以及审美和规范性的判断力将变得愈发重要。

这篇 Hacker News 讨论帖探讨了人工智能融入专业与教育领域的影响,特别是参考了 Arvind Narayanan 题为《我们还能做些什么?》(What will be left for us to work on?)的演讲。 核心争论点在于人类专业能力的削弱。一个主要的担忧是,如果知识工作者将基础问题解决任务外包给人工智能,他们是否还能有效地培养“领域专长”。评论者认为,所谓的“提问”这一核心技能——被认为是人类主导的活动——若不经历手动、独立解决问题的“漫长而艰苦的过程”,就无法真正掌握。人们担心在教育和职业环境中过早依赖人工智能,会阻碍发展有效驾驭这些工具所需的批判性思维能力。 其他参与者对人工智能的现状表示怀疑,并指出即使是基础的研究能力目前仍然不可靠。归根结底,这场讨论突显了人工智能带来的效率提升与人类能力萎缩之间的张力,并提出了一个问题:当“弄清事物”的过程日益被外包时,我们该如何保持严谨的思维。
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原文

Given rapid advances in AI, how should researchers and developers shift how we allocate our time? What new skills should we build so that we’re not obsolete in the future? I argue that there will be plenty for us to work on, grounded in the “AI as normal technology” thesis, which holds that there are many bottlenecks between AI capability improvements and automation of tasks or jobs. The evidence suggests that AI is better seen as an augmentation than an automation technology. The balance of human effort will shift towards tasks that are less verifiable — from developing models to scaffolds, and from building towards evaluation and monitoring. Over the long term, as purely technical skills are devalued, both researchers and developers will have to adapt. In research, human effort will migrate from problem solving to question asking and conceptual progress; in industry, relational skills, domain knowledge, aesthetic and normative judgment will gain in importance.

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