我使用约翰迪尔的自助维修服务修理了一台拖拉机。农民们并不买账
I fixed a tractor using John Deere's self-repair service. Farmers aren't sold

原始链接: https://www.wired.com/story/i-fixed-a-tractor-john-deere-self-repair-service/

约翰迪尔(John Deere)长期以来因限制对高科技、传感器密集型机械的独立维护而受到“维修权”运动的批评,如今正试图改变这一形象。首席技术官贾米·海因德曼(Jahmy Hindman)近期展示了名为“Operations Center Pro Service”的订阅制软件工具,允许机主对设备进行诊断和维护。其定价从每台机器每年195美元到全车队访问权限近6000美元不等。 此次转变是在经历多年强烈抵制后做出的,其中包括联邦诉讼以及一起涉及维修成本的9900万美元和解案。尽管迪尔公司坚称其一直致力于“对机主友好”,但倡导者认为,这些新措施不足以解决该公司长期利用数字锁限制售后维修的历史遗留问题。 随着拖拉机日益复杂——部分机型配备超过50个控制器——制造商对软件控制的渴望与农民对经济实惠、可及性维修需求之间的鸿沟依然巨大。尽管迪尔引入了人工智能辅助诊断工具,但该公司仍面临质疑:其新的服务平台究竟是真正恢复了维修自主权,还是仅仅将现状制度化。

这篇 Hacker News 讨论聚焦于对约翰迪尔(John Deere)“自助维修”服务的广泛批评,该服务要求每台设备每年支付 200 美元的订阅费。 许多用户认为这种模式侵犯了“维修权”,因为它强制机主通过付费才能获取以往随设备售价附带的诊断工具和手册。农民和机械师们指出,现代约翰迪尔设备被刻意设计了“类似 DRM(数字版权管理)”的软件锁,不仅阻止了独立维修,还迫使用户必须依赖昂贵的授权经销商服务。 这场辩论将此类现象与汽车行业进行了类比,特斯拉等制造商也因封锁诊断数据而受到类似批评。评论者强调,真正的可维修性——即能够获取实体零件、开放文档以及第三方兼容软件——对于农业经营至关重要,特别是在经销商支持无法及时触达的偏远地区。 尽管有人认为现代复杂机械需要高级的数字监管,但大多数参与者认为这些订阅要求是反竞争行为,是所有权“劣化”的体现。在这种模式下,公司将经常性收入和专有控制权置于客户的功能需求之上。
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原文

The John Deere employees surrounding me offer their congratulations. They’ve all been very patient with me, someone who has written several articles for WIRED about their company’s seemingly steadfast reluctance to let anyone but its official technicians repair its products.

In the group is Jahmy Hindman, senior vice president and chief technology officer of John Deere, who has flown in from Illinois. Hindman has worked for the company for 30 years. In that time, John Deere has thrived in an era of technological advancement. He’s here now to show off the company’s self-repair software Operations Center Pro Service, a system that pairs with nearly every electronic-enabled machine John Deere has made.

“It is owner-friendly,” Hindman says. “I think that's always been our intent.”

Lots of farmers would beg to differ.

Oh Deere

John Deere is the largest agricultural machine manufacturer in the US. In the past couple decades, machines of this ilk have become far more technologically advanced, loaded up with controllers, radios, and sensors. Many newer machines are equipped with 4G wireless connections that enable the collection of precise location data and other metrics. Some tractors can even run without a human operator at all, guided by built-in software systems to run autonomously on predetermined paths.

Over the last decade, John Deere has become a big target of the ever-growing right-to-repair movement. The company’s high-tech software systems also come equipped with digital locks, which require official, dealer-sanctioned approval to access. If you want to fiddle with a part, or replace it with an aftermarket alternative, those software restrictions can block those attempts.

That frustration has manifested in multiple lawsuits and even federal action. In April, the company agreed to pay out a $99 million settlement to its equipment owners to pay back burdensome repair costs. In July, the company settled a separate lawsuit brought by the US Federal Trade Commission that would require the company to make its products more repairable. John Deere did not admit wrongdoing in either case. Repair advocates say the two measures have been insufficient, both in financial terms and as requirements that will actually change Deere’s behavior. (Both settlements are not yet final until a judge issues a final ruling.)

Pro Tip

John Deere disagrees, of course, citing its recent efforts to make the case that its self-repair program works just fine.

The company introduced its Pro Service in 2025. Prices start at an annual cost of $195 per individual machine. For bigger operations or independent repair shops, the price to access every machine in John Deere’s fleet starts at $4,995 a year. That access for agricultural and turf services costs $5,995 per year.

Pro Service lets owners connect Deere’s software to their equipment via Wi-Fi or cable. Based on the serial number of the machine, the software can be used to find information from manuals and John Deere’s broader data services to diagnose any maintenance the machine needs. John Deere also recently introduced an AI chatbot called JD to its Operations Center self-repair software tool, but I did not have a chance to use that version during my visit. The AI features are meant to make it easier to find information about the components in any given machine.

“As the tractor products grow in size, they also grow in number of controllers that are necessary in order to make it all work,” Hindman says, noting that in some cases tractors can have upwards of 50 controllers. “So it can be super complex.”

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