荷兰政府基于 NixOS 构建微软替代方案

荷兰政府基于 NixOS 构建微软替代方案
Dutch governments builds alternative for Microsoft based on NixOS

DAWO（数字化自主办公空间）是一个致力于为荷兰政府打造安全、透明且数字化自主IT基础设施的开放社区。通过促进政府、企业与社会之间的协作，DAWO旨在摆脱单一庞大的系统，转向模块化、可验证的开源蓝图。该倡议聚焦于五大核心价值：数字自主、协作知识共享、增强安全性、创新以及系统可验证性。其技术框架由可互换的构建模块组成，涵盖从人工智能、操作系统到云基础设施和通信工具等各个方面，且均可进行独立审查与更换。 DAWO是一个协作生态系统，而非自上而下的项目。它邀请公共和私人部门的参与者通过其成员门户，以贡献代码、文档、试点项目和参与讨论的方式加入。通过优先采用开放技术，DAWO确保了荷兰政府的数字化办公环境能够保持安全、高效，并对公众完全负责。

The Dutch government, through its DAWO (Digitally Autonomous Workspace) project, is developing an alternative to Microsoft-based software using NixOS. The initiative aims to enhance digital autonomy and reduce reliance on U.S.-based big tech, which many contributors view as increasingly abusive and prone to "enshittification." The discussion on Hacker News focused on several key themes: * **Digital Sovereignty:** Participants praised the move toward open-source, government-controlled infrastructure, noting that reliance on foreign proprietary software poses significant risks regarding privacy, tracking, and the potential for sudden service denial via sanctions. * **The Microsoft Critique:** Much of the conversation centered on frustrations with Microsoft’s aggressive push for telemetry, pervasive advertising, and subscription-based "enshittification" in products like Windows and Teams. * **NixOS as a Solution:** While users acknowledged that NixOS has a steep learning curve, they highlighted its declarative and reproducible nature as ideal for government-scale deployments, where centralized configuration management is critical. * **Challenges:** Detractors and skeptics noted that replacing the Microsoft Office ecosystem remains a significant hurdle, as government interoperability with external parties often necessitates the use of standard formats and platforms that currently favor proprietary software.

原文

Working together on a digitally autonomous workplace for the Dutch government

A DAWO working session: someone presenting beside a screen and a flip chart, with fourteen participants seated at tables around them.

What DAWO stands for

DAWO brings public values and technology together. The community pursues five primary goals.

Digital autonomy

Strengthening the digital autonomy of the Netherlands.

Collaboration

Improving collaboration and knowledge sharing between governments and society.

Security

Safeguarding security and data protection.

Innovation

Encouraging innovation and more efficient ways of working.

Verifiability

Making government IT systems easier to inspect and verify.

An open workplace is made of replaceable building blocks

Not one single product, but separate building blocks that work together. Every part can be inspected and replaced.

AI (opens in a new tab)

Open and verifiable AI building blocks for the digital workplace.

Operating system (opens in a new tab)

DAWO-NixOS and installation building blocks for a reproducible workplace.

Cloud (opens in a new tab)

Building blocks for autonomous and verifiable cloud infrastructure.

Collaboration (opens in a new tab)

Open solutions for communication, documents and working together.

See the full blueprint

Events, news and taking part

The calendar, the latest news, the blog and the forum are on the member portal. Everything is public, and that is also where you sign up.

Not for the community. With the community.

DAWO brings government, industry and open source together. Public and private build the same blueprint here. You can take part through conversations, code, documentation, pilots and events.

Take part