COSMIC Alpha 发布
COSMIC Alpha Released

原始链接: https://blog.system76.com/post/cosmic-alpha-released-heres-what-people-are-saying/

Pop!\_OS 团队宣布推出 COSMIC,这是一个适用于他们的操作系统和其他兼容 Linux 发行版的新桌面环境。 COSMIC 的目标是提供改进的功能、可定制性、性能、稳定性和安全性。 尽管标记为“Alpha”,但该初始版本包含错误并需要改进。 我们鼓励用户报告测试时遇到的任何问题,并分享个性化主题和面板布局的屏幕截图。 为了确保积极的接待,尽管处于初步状态,但大多数日常功能都需要顺利运行。 目前,在稳定版本发布之前,COSMIC 不应该用于关键用途。 有兴趣的人可以下载 Pop!\_OS 提供的 ISO 文件,并按照各种 Linux 发行版的具体说明来安装 COSMIC 的 Alpha 版本。 社区的初步反应普遍良好,强调了速度、易用性和现代美学。 还为开发人员专门为 COSMIC 创建软件建立了应用程序和小程序模板,从而实现与更广泛的生态系统的无缝集成。 用户称赞其增强的功能、美观的外观和流畅的操作,但也承认由于当前的开发阶段存在一些小缺陷。 总体而言,COSMIC 有望成为 Linux 桌面的时尚、高效且适应性强的解决方案。

十多年来,流行的用户界面框架 GTK 一直面临可定制性下降的问题,其中包括与 GTK4 的主题兼容性问题。 GTK 不再提供广泛的自定义选项,而是发展成为一个简化的工具包,需要额外的库(例如 libadwaita)。 由于主要 GTK 发布的频率以及基于类的小部件行为的巨大变化,较小的开发团队很难适应。 从积极的方面来说,GTK 确实通过使用自定义 CSS 文件提供了某种程度的样式控制,尽管设置它们有困难。 与此同时,macOS 等竞争操作系统也提供了长期存在的强调色功能。 最近,libcosmic 启用的新 xdg 门户允许从有限的选择中调整强调色。 然而,关于 libcosmic 是否完全支持 xdg 门户的问题仍然存在。 在测试 Cosmic Alpha 时,某些功能受到赞赏,例如多个显示器的独立工作区以及类似于 macOS 的一致键盘快捷键。 然而,缺点包括日历显示选项的限制、标题栏的大小调整以及缺少鼠标光标主题定制器。 总体而言,尽管提供了相对较小的美观改进,但用户对持续迁移到新 GTK 版本的需求表示沮丧。 有些人已经转向 PopShell 等第三方扩展,以增强 Gnome 在更宽的宽高比显示器上的磁贴管理功能。 此外,与之前的迭代相比,用户欣赏 Gnome 插件系统的灵活性和改进的性能。 随着 Cosmic 即将发布,人们对这些插件的未来可用性和演变产生了担忧。 最后,用户表示有兴趣看到网络配置工具和 WireGuard VPN 无缝集成的进一步进步。 目前,人们对 NixOS 上运行的 Gnome 的满意度仍然很高,但人们对 Cosmic 潜在的磁贴管理改进的好奇心仍然存在。
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原文

It’s happening! This is not a drill! The alpha version of COSMIC, our new desktop environment for Pop!_OS and other Linux distros, has been released. COSMIC adds new features, customization, performance, stability, and security. Its “alpha” state adds bugs. Bug reports are welcome, as are screenshots of your custom themes and panels.

To make sure people are as excited about COSMIC as we are, it was essential to give it the best impression we could. Even for an alpha, most features required for daily use needed to feel polished. However, you’re bound to come across some breaking bugs before the official release, so we advise you hold off on using COSMIC for production use for now.

Here’s how to try it.

Try COSMIC on Pop!_OS

Download Intel/AMD ISO
sha256sum 894bc15abcad05839b226655121a113ad16cfbc4ada98e93e3ffb74a853fdcd4

Download NVIDIA ISO
sha256sum 3d636b705c1049395d50bbb5acd7c709fd871de78e4d95d297bcbdab7cae4e05

Try COSMIC on your favorite distro

Instructions are available for installing COSMIC on Fedora, NixOS, Arch, OpenSUSE, and many more here.

First Impressions

We gave folks around the Linuxsphere some time to play with the Alpha COSMIC ISO. Feedback so far has overall been fairly glowing! Check out what they’re saying about their time with COSMIC:

“I tried this COSMIC desktop on a very low-end system, and it was still impressively, impressively fast.” — Linux Unplugged podcast

"The foundation seems very solid, and I wouldn't be surprised if, in a year or two, this thing was considered THE default desktop that you would recommend to anyone." — The Linux Experiment

“There’s such cool power-user potential here.” — Michael Tunnell

“What I can say about Cosmic, even at this early alpha stage, is that it's relatively snappy and cohesive compared to other systems I've used.” — Ars Technica

“I can imagine this becoming really popular.” — GamingOnLinux

“I've been playing around with this Pop!_OS 24.04 alpha…and it's been working out quite well.” — Phoronix

“Despite the alpha tag, everything runs well for daily driver usage.” — OMG! Ubuntu

“It’s pretty impressive how far they’ve come in two years working on this.” — Gardiner Bryant

“They have really focused on refining the user experience.” — SavvyNik

“I could tile windows effortlessly, with keyboard shortcuts letting me navigate between windows and workspaces without touching the mouse.”It’s FOSS

“It has options for either vertical or horizontal workspaces, an integrated tiling system, and customizable panels for the dock and top bar.” — How-To Geek

“It’s a very good desktop. I love the functionality, it looks great, but of course there’s going to be some bugs.” — Learn Linux TV

“Now I’m more excited than ever.” — Brodie Robertson, after some COSMIC Q&A. He also had some helpful feedback for us!

“The new COSMIC desktop environment in Pop!_OS 24.04 LTS provides a solid foundation for rapid advancement long-term, a holistic design system that’s modern, fast, and responsive for a consistent software ecosystem.” — 9to5Linux

“COSMIC is designed to be a modern, customizable, and performant desktop environment.” — OSTechnix

“After the first few seconds, you already know — you’re home.” — Linuxiac

“COSMIC is a significant update to the previous Pop!_OS interface, offering a more modern and user-friendly experience.” — Nix Sanctuary

The design system

The design system determines what makes COSMIC look and feel like COSMIC. This includes typography, colors and theming system, spacing, corner radii, and sizing across COSMIC’s interface, as well as what widgets are used (or yet to be implemented for use) in COSMIC apps. Making an official design system available, albeit one still a work in progress was essential for this first release, as it also serves as a guide for anyone building an app or applet — so that it feels integrated with the rest of the desktop environment. Now app developers can provide the best possible experience early on.

App and applet template

We’ve finalized an official app template for best practices on what to include in apps developed for COSMIC. Items like support for the Launcher, what types of icons to provide, and descriptions for app stores are listed in the app template.

Likewise, check out the COSMIC applet template for building applets. Create a new repository from this template and clone it to your local machine to get started on making your applet.

Thanks to the awesome edfloreshz for the assist!

Pop!_OS 24.04 LTS

The COSMIC alpha on Pop!_OS is also an alpha for the latest Pop!_OS 24.04 LTS. When COSMIC Epoch 1 is officially released, this will be made available as an upgrade through the normal upgrade path in the OS. An upgrade path will also be available in the second alpha for testers.

Date & Time Settings

Settings for adjusting date, time, and time zone have been implemented! The time is set automatically based on your selected time zone.

Screen Capture

Share your experience with COSMIC! We’ve built functionality into xdg-desktop portal screen capture that allows you to select an output, as well as select a certain window to record.

Touchpad defaults

Changes were made to the compositor to set tap-to-click, as well as disabling the touchpad while typing, as defaults.

Building the ISO

Wrapping up the COSMIC alpha, we did a cursory test of the ISO file to get the installation working. As part of that process, screen-sharing in video conferencing apps is now functional.

Contributions from YOU

Thanks to our contributors for helping COSMIC reach its full potential!

  • Koranir added a feature for using Super + Right-click + drag to resize windows.
  • leb-kuchen added a feature for double-clicking title bars to maximize a window for server-side decorations.
  • Additionally, they fixed a bug with minimize and maximize buttons where certain applications weren’t respecting COSMIC users’ preferences on which buttons would be shown.

Become a COSMIC Ambassador

COSMIC Ambassadors are amazing people who contribute to COSMIC or promote it on social media. They also get free swag! You, too, can become an ambassador by filling out this short form.

A lot has been developed over these past two years, but there’s still quite a bit left to be done. Here’s some areas where you can assist:

联系我们 contact @ memedata.com