锗的电子能带结构,我的屁股。
Electron band structure in germanium, my ass (2001)

原始链接: https://pages.cs.wisc.edu/~kovar/hall.html

Kovar和Hall的实验旨在验证锗的电阻率和温度之间的指数关系。摘要中立即显现出沮丧的情绪,实验宣告失败。引言简要介绍了相关的理论基础,涉及电子能带和温度引起的电子跃迁。实验过程强调了遇到的困难:焊接问题、最初提供给本科生的设备故障以及用于温度控制的液氮保温瓶漏液。“结果”部分直截了当地将数据描述为“一堆垃圾”,缺乏预期的指数关系。利用复杂的程序人为地将指数曲线拟合到噪声数据上,希望能得到评分者的宽容,并将其与寻找顶夸克的经历作类比。结论表达了对选择物理学的深深后悔,并考虑转而从事更有利可图的计算机科学事业。

Hacker News 的一个帖子讨论了 wisc.edu 上的一篇文章,标题为“锗的能带结构,我呸”(Electron Band Structure in Germanium, My Ass)。评论者们就文章的内容及其对物理学的批判展开了辩论,尤其关注其自负和对英雄的崇拜。一位用户强调了科学家摸着石头过河的普遍经历。另一位用户提到一个轶事,说希尔伯特在推导爱因斯坦场方程时犯了一个菜鸟错误。帖子里分享了作者的个人简介和简历链接,并指出他现在在谷歌担任软件工程师。一些评论者将讨论扩展到其他领域普遍存在的英雄崇拜现象,以及这种现象可能对个人产生的不利影响。一位用户承认自己最初误解了文章中的一张图表。
相关文章

原文
Kovar/Hall

          Abstract: The exponential dependence of resistivity on temperature in germanium is found to be a great big lie. My careful theoretical modeling and painstaking experimentation reveal 1) that my equipment is crap, as are all the available texts on the subject and 2) that this whole exercise was a complete waste of my time.

Introduction

          Electrons in germanium are confined to well-defined energy bands that are separated by "forbidden regions" of zero charge-carrier density. You can read about it yourself if you want to, although I don't recommend it. You'll have to wade through an obtuse, convoluted discussion about considering an arbitrary number of non-coupled harmonic-oscillator potentials and taking limits and so on. The upshot is that if you heat up a sample of germanium, electrons will jump from a non-conductive energy band to a conductive one, thereby creating a measurable change in resistivity. This relation between temperature and resistivity can be shown to be exponential in certain temperature regimes by waving your hands and chanting "to first order".

Experiment procedure

      I sifted through the box of germanium crystals and chose the one that appeared to be the least cracked. Then I soldered wires onto the crystal in the spots shown in figure 2b of Lab Handout 32. Do you have any idea how hard it is to solder wires to germanium? I'll tell you: real goddamn hard. The solder simply won't stick, and you can forget about getting any of the grad students in the solid state labs to help you out.
      Once the wires were in place, I attached them as appropriate to the second-rate equipment I scavenged from the back of the lab, none of which worked properly. I soon wised up and swiped replacements from the well-stocked research labs. This is how they treat undergrads around here: they give you broken tools and then don't understand why you don't get any results.

      In order to control the temperature of the germanium, I attached the crystal to a copper rod, the upper end of which was attached to a heating coil and the lower end of which was dipped in a thermos of liquid nitrogen. Midway through the project, the thermos began leaking. That's right: I pay a cool ten grand a quarter to come here, and yet they can't spare the five bucks to ensure that I have a working thermos.

Results

      Check this shit out (Fig. 1). That's bonafide, 100%-real data, my friends. I took it myself over the course of two weeks. And this was not a leisurely two weeks, either; I busted my ass day and night in order to provide you with nothing but the best data possible. Now, let's look a bit more closely at this data, remembering that it is absolutely first-rate. Do you see the exponential dependence? I sure don't. I see a bunch of crap.
      Christ, this was such a waste of my time.
      Banking on my hopes that whoever grades this will just look at the pictures, I drew an exponential through my noise. I believe the apparent legitimacy is enhanced by the fact that I used a complicated computer program to make the fit. I understand this is the same process by which the top quark was discovered.

Conclusion

      Going into physics was the biggest mistake of my life. I should've declared CS. I still wouldn't have any women, but at least I'd be rolling in cash.

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