数学13——抽象数学导论 [pdf]
Math 13 – An Introduction to Abstract Mathematics [pdf]

原始链接: https://www.math.uci.edu/~ndonalds/math13/notes.pdf

这似乎是一本数学教材的目录或提纲,很可能侧重于基于证明的数学和集合论。涵盖的主题从基础逻辑和证明技巧到更高级的概念。 本书首先介绍数学思维和证明,论述证明的性质和逻辑语言。然后深入探讨具体的证明方法和策略。 很大一部分内容致力于数论,探索整除性、欧几里得算法和同余。教材随后介绍集合论,包括集合符号、子集、并集、交集和补集。也介绍了函数。 本书接下来介绍数学归纳法,包括迭代过程、良序原理和强归纳法。最后,它转向集合论中更高级的主题,包括笛卡尔积、幂集、索引集合、关系、划分、等价关系、基数和无限集,包括康托尔基数表示法和不可数集。

Hacker News 上的一篇帖子讨论了 UCI 大学 Math 13《抽象数学导论》的 PDF 文件。这门课由已故的 Howard Tucker教授开设,是一门离散数学课程,评论者们对其记忆犹新。用户 commandersaki 曾在上世纪90年代,在 Howard G. Tucker 教授 (当时已九十多岁) 的指导下修读这门课,尽管课程编号看起来很低,但他发现这门课令人难忘。 另一位用户 jhanschoo 惊讶地发现它被列为高年级课程的先修课,他原本以为证明相关的数学应该更早地介绍。aoki 解释了美国本科数学课程的典型序列,其中离散数学通常与计算微积分和线性代数一起,在前两年作为证明方法的入门课程。更高级的基于证明的课程通常在三年级学习,而精英院校可能会提供更快的荣誉课程。abeyer 指出,《Math 13》的前言鼓励尽早引入基于证明的数学。

原文
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