ChatGPT推出以来，入门级职位减少了三分之一。

ChatGPT推出以来，入门级职位减少了三分之一。
Entry-level jobs down by a third since launch of ChatGPT

原始链接: https://www.personneltoday.com/hr/fall-in-entry-level-jobs-linked-to-rise-of-ai-tools/

英国5月份就业市场显示出复苏迹象，职位空缺同比增长9.38%，薪资也在上涨。总体空缺职位略微下降了0.51%，降至858,465个，但同比增长连续三个月保持正增长。然而，包括毕业生职位在内的入门级职位大幅下降，自生成式AI兴起以来下降了32%。毕业生职位空缺数量降至2020年7月以来的最低水平，反映出就业形势正在发生变化。某些行业，如物流、酒店和教育，需求有所增加，而医疗保健和护理行业的空缺职位则有所下降。职位填补时间略有改善，但求职竞争加剧，每个职位空缺的求职者数量增多。薪资增长最快的是北爱尔兰，而伦敦仍然是薪资最高的地区。医疗保健支持人员、社会护理人员和销售助理是需求量最大的职位。报告显示出谨慎乐观的态度，但也对人工智能对入门级就业的影响表示担忧。

A Hacker News discussion revolves around a news article claiming entry-level job declines coinciding with ChatGPT's rise. Many commenters dispute a direct causal link, pointing to other significant factors like the end of the post-pandemic hiring boom, rising interest rates, and changes in R&D tax amortization. The debate highlights the complexities of economic shifts, with some suggesting that capital reallocation to AI is also a contributing factor. Some users share that AI and LLMs are not used for accurate data analysis so it shouldn't be surprising. Others argue that offshoring to countries like India, particularly due to the rise of remote work, contributes to the decline of US-based entry-level jobs. Several commenters share their own experiences of using AI, some finding it to be significantly productive. Some feel that it requires high level understanding to use efficiently. Overall, there is a sentiment that ChatGPT and AI have shifted market hiring expectations of more senior level roles.

原文

The UK jobs market continued its cautious recovery in May, with annual vacancy growth and rising wages offering signs of resilience despite a modest monthly decline in job postings.

However, entry-level opportunities have taken a significant hit, dropping by nearly a third since the advent of widely available generative AI tools at the end of 2022.

According to the latest UK Job Market Report from job matching platform Adzuna, the number of advertised vacancies fell slightly by 0.51% in May to 858,465 roles.

Despite this, year-on-year growth remained positive at +0.49%, marking the third consecutive month of annual improvement and suggesting a slow but steady recovery from the recent market slump.

Pay continues to be a bright spot, with average advertised salaries rising for the twelfth month in a row. May saw the average advertised salary reach £42,403, up 0.3% from April and up 9.38% compared with a year earlier – making it the strongest run of annual pay growth since mid-2022. This rise has been bolstered in part by April’s 6.7% increase to the national living wage.

However, these broader improvements are not benefiting all parts of the workforce equally. Graduate job postings dropped by 4.2% in May and are now down 28.4% compared with the same time last year—the lowest level seen since July 2020.

More broadly, entry-level roles (including apprenticeships, internships and junior jobs) have declined by 32% since November 2022, when ChatGPT’s commercial breakthrough triggered a rapid transformation in how companies operate and hire.

Entry-level roles now make up just 25% of all jobs advertised in the UK, down from nearly 29% two years ago.
“May reinforced the sense that the job market in the UK is gradually regaining its footing,” said Andrew Hunter, co-founder of Adzuna. “While overall vacancies dipped slightly, we’ve now seen three straight months of annual vacancy growth – a clear shift after more than a year of decline. Advertised salaries continue to climb, too, with average pay up nearly 9% compared to last year, comfortably outpacing inflation.

“While certain sectors remain in strong demand and provide a backbone of stability, we will be keeping a close eye on the decline in roles for the previously steady healthcare and nursing sector and how that may play out over the coming months.”

The seasonal jobs market provided a boost in the run-up to summer. Logistics and warehouse vacancies rose by 9.77%, with creative and design (+6%) and hospitality and catering (+5.61%) also seeing monthly gains. Teaching vacancies increased by 1.63%, with over 169,000 roles live in May, keeping education the most active hiring sector in the UK.
By contrast, the healthcare and nursing sector – previously a consistent driver of job growth – saw vacancies fall by 10.21% in May. Other sectors with notable drops included admin (-9.22%), maintenance (-7.95%), and domestic help and cleaning (-5.72%).

Hiring times have improved slightly, with the average job now taking 35.8 days to fill, down from 39.5 days earlier in the year. However, competition has also intensified, with 2.02 jobseekers per vacancy (calculated by the ONS) in May – up from 1.98 in April. The north-east of England remains the most competitive region with 3.32 jobseekers per role, while south-west England is the least competitive at 1.32 per vacancy.

The number of jobseekers per vacancy increased in 10 of the UK’s 12 nations and regions in May.

Salaries continue to grow fastest in Northern Ireland, where advertised pay rose by 12.63% year-on-year to £40,726.

London remains the UK’s highest-paying region at £48,680, followed by eastern England at £41,013.

The most in-demand roles remain focused on essential services and accessible employment. Healthcare support workers topped Adzuna’s Trending Jobs list for the sixth consecutive month, followed by social care workers and sales assistants. Software developers also re-entered the top five, signalling renewed interest in skilled tech roles.

Despite continuing challenges in some sectors, the overall picture for the UK job market in May was one of cautious optimism – tempered by signs that the rise of AI and automation may be reshaping the landscape for entry-level workers.

Latest HR job opportunities on Personnel Today

Sign up to our weekly round-up of HR news and guidance

Receive the Personnel Today Direct e-newsletter every Wednesday

Browse more human resources jobs