第一个微处理器 – 50周年 (2020)
First Microprocessor – 50th Anniversary 2020

原始链接: https://firstmicroprocessor.com/

20世纪70年代初,艾瑞搜索公司和美国微系统公司合作,为F-14A战斗机创造了第一个完全集成的数字空速计算机(CADC),这是对先前机械系统的重大飞跃。这项突破性成就历时两年,由一个25人以上的团队完成,采用了最先进的组件,包括石英传感器和雷·霍尔特设计的定制MOS-LSI芯片组。 尽管如此,该芯片组的架构细节在数十年内仍被保密。霍尔特1971年的设计论文《微处理器的架构》直到1998年才被解密发表,随后在《华尔街日报》和复古计算机节上公开宣布。 F14A的MP944微处理器被声称为许多领域的*第一*:微处理器芯片组、航空航天微处理器、电传飞行计算机、军用微处理器和量产微处理器,并具有20位架构、内置自检和并行处理等功能。

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原文

Two state-of-the-art quartz sensors, a 16-bit high precision analog-to-digital converter, a 16-bit high precision digital-to-analog converter, the MOS-LSI chip set, and a very efficient power unit made up the complete CADC. A team of over 25 managers, engineers, programmers, and technicians from AiResearch and American Microsystems labored for two years to accomplish a design feat never before attempted, a complete state-of-the-art, highly integrated, digital air data computer. Previous designs were based around mechanical technology, consisting of precision gears and cams. Standard technology, used commercially for the next five years, designed for the rugged military environment allowed this feat to be accomplished.

In 1971, Mr. Ray Holt wrote a design paper on the MOS-LSI chip set design which was approved for publication by Computer Design magazine. However, because of national security reasons the U.S. Navy would not approve this paper for publication. Mr. Holt attempted again in 1985 to have the paper cleared and the answer again was no. Finally, in April 1997, he started the process again and this time was able to receive clearance for publication as of April 21, 1998.

The entire contents of this original 1971 paper, “Architecture Of A Microprocessor“, is made available here. The first public announcement of the F14A MOS-LSI microprocessor chip set was a published article by the Wall Street Journal on September 22, 1998. This paper and the details of the design were first presented publicly by Mr. Ray Holt at the Vintage Computer Festival held at the Santa Clara Convention Center on September 26-27, 1998.

For those historians that like claims I respectively submit the following claims on the F14 MP944 microprocessor:

1st microprocessor chip set

1st aerospace microprocessor

1st fly-by-wire flight computer

1st military microprocessor

1st production microprocessor

1st fully integrated chip set microprocessor

1st 20-bit microprocessor

1st microprocessor with built-in programmed self-test and redundancy

1st microprocessor in a digital signal (DSP) application

1st microprocessor with execution pipeline

1st microprocessor with parallel processing

1st microprocessor with integrated math co-processors

1st Read-Only Memory (ROM) with a built-in counter

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