提问者 vs. 猜测者 (2010)
'Askers' vs. 'Guessers' (2010)

原始链接: https://www.theatlantic.com/national/2010/05/askers-vs-guessers/340891/

最近一次网络讨论,源于2007年的一条网评,将人们划分为“请求者”和“猜测者”——这是两种不同的社交请求方式。“请求者”直接提出自己的需求,并接受可能的拒绝,而“猜测者”则依赖微妙的暗示和共同的期望,避免直接请求以防止尴尬。 争论的中心在于哪种方式更礼貌或更有效。一些人认为“猜测文化”滋生模糊和沮丧,提倡直接请求的清晰度。另一些人则认为“猜测文化”优先考虑礼貌,避免强加于人。 这种区分不仅仅是关于礼仪,它还会影响个人、职业甚至国际关系。当“请求者”和“猜测者”互动时,可能会产生误解,直接请求在“猜测者”看来可能显得唐突。最终,这场讨论强调了沟通方式存在于一个连续统上,适应情境和对方是关键。

这个Hacker News讨论围绕一篇2010年《大西洋月刊》的文章,该文章区分了“提问者”和“猜测者”——指直接请求信息的人与那些更喜欢别人预先满足他们需求的人。 用户们争论这篇文章的实用性,一些人警告不要过度简化和刻板印象。一位评论员指出缺乏引用的研究,并强调个体差异和情境因素。另一位评论员提到了Jean Hsu博客上的相关讨论,认为这个概念特别有助于处理跨文化团队。 最后一条评论批评了文章的框架,认为它忽略了权力动态——老板要求提前完成可能是要求,而不是一个“提问者”假设可能会被拒绝。讨论承认人类有分类的倾向,但强调理解个体和细心交流的重要性。
相关文章

原文

Let's say your husband or wife has a friend who will be coming to your city for two weeks on business. This friend writes to you and your spouse, asking if you can put him up while he's in town. Has this person committed a gross violation of etiquette? Whether you answer yes or no may speak to whether you're an Asker or a Guesser--the two personality types described in a three-year-old Web comment that has lately taken on a second life as a full-on blog meme.

On January 16, 2007, Andrea Donderi responded to an Ask MetaFilter post that dealt with a houseguest-related situation like the one described above. Donderi's take on the situation is as elegant as it is provocative. Basically, she says, there are two types of people in the world:

This is a classic case of Ask Culture meets Guess Culture. In some families, you grow up with the expectation that it's OK to ask for anything at all, but you gotta realize you might get no for an answer. This is Ask Culture.

In Guess Culture, you avoid putting a request into words unless you're pretty sure the answer will be yes. Guess Culture depends on a tight net of shared expectations. A key skill is putting out delicate feelers. If you do this with enough subtlety, you won't even have to make the request directly; you'll get an offer. Even then, the offer may be genuine or pro forma; it takes yet more skill and delicacy to discern whether you should accept.

Over the weekend, Oliver Burkeman wrote a column for The Guardian taking up Donderi's dichotomy and asking, "Are you an Asker or a Guesser?" A number of bloggers took the bait, expanding into broader thoughts about the niceties of social etiquette. Here's what they had to say:

  • Contributes to Personal, Professional, International Tensions  In his column for The Guardian, Burkeman notes that neither type's approach is wrong per se, "but when an Asker meets a Guesser, unpleasantness results. An Asker won't think it's rude to request two weeks in your spare room, but a Guess culture person will hear it as presumptuous and resent the agony involved in saying no. Your boss, asking for a project to be finished early, may be an overdemanding boor – or just an Asker, who's assuming you might decline. If you're a Guesser, you'll hear it as an expectation. This is a spectrum, not a dichotomy, and it explains cross-cultural awkwardnesses, too: Brits and Americans get discombobulated doing business in Japan, because it's a Guess culture, yet experience Russians as rude, because they're diehard Askers."
  • We Ask Strangers and Close Friends  Libertarian blogger Julian Sanchez offers a sociological reading of Donderi's theory that's worth perusing in full. "The polite indirection of 'Guess Culture' is... often a way of preserving a deliberate ambiguity, which we generally want to do in social relationships where there's an intermediate level of intimacy—whereas relationships at the poles, with either close friends or strangers, tend to be governed by more direct asks," Sanchez writes. "We do this, I think, precisely because those intermediate relationships are ambiguous: We’re indirect because we’re negotiating just where on the gradient we fall ... To ask too directly at that stage can seem rude because it effectively demands a binary verdict on a work in progress."
  • Actually, One of Them Is Wrong  The New Republic's Jonathan Chait takes a hard line. "This is actually pretty simple: Guessers are wrong, and Askers are right. Asking is how you actually determine what the Asker wants and the giver is willing to receive. Guessing culture is a recipe for frustration. What's more, Guessers, who are usually trying to be nice and are holding themselves to a higher level of politeness, ruin things for the rest of us ... Guessers are what forces people with poor social discernment, like me, to regard all kinds of interactions as a minefield of awkwardness."
  • It's Not So Black and White  The Incidental Economist's Austin Frakt endorses a more situationally fluid approach. "The problem with assuming one way is better than another is that it ignores the obvious temporal heterogeneity in preferences. The 'requester' (whether of Asker or Guesser type) is in more in need of a 'yes' (or 'no') response from the 'requestee' (again, of either type) at some times than others. Likewise, a requestee is more likely to say 'yes' (or 'no') at some times than at others ... Therefore, it is perfectly sensible to be an Asker for some things at some times and a Guesser for other things (or even the same things) at another."

What say you--does the Asker/Guesser model ring true? (Or, put another way: We're not asking, but some people might want to leave comments, and perhaps you know someone who does...)

This article is from the archive of our partner The Wire.

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