星空:SpaceX 的空间态势感知系统
Stargaze: SpaceX's Space Situational Awareness System

原始链接: https://starlink.com/updates/stargaze

## 凝视星空与空间安全:一次险些相撞 2025年末,凝视星空的能力在避免星链卫星与另一颗执行未宣布机动的卫星相撞方面发挥了关键作用。初步预测显示安全距离足够,但另一颗卫星的最后一刻机动将此距离缩短至危险的60米,且仅提前五小时通知。 凝视星空迅速检测到这一变化并更新了轨迹信息,触发了碰撞规避警报。星链能够在一小时内成功规划并执行机动,消除了碰撞风险——这是传统系统无法做到的。 这一事件凸显了凝视星空卓越的机动检测和快速数据传播能力。然而,该事件也强调了*所有*卫星运营商持续共享准确的星历数据的关键需求,类似于航空领域的飞行计划。虽然凝视星空提高了安全性,但运营商的透明度仍然是防止碰撞和最大限度地减少不必要的规避机动的最有效方法。凝视星空免费提供,以鼓励这种至关重要的数据共享。

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原文
Stargaze already has a proven track record in its utility for space safety. In late 2025, a Starlink satellite encountered a conjunction with a third-party satellite that was performing maneuvers, but whose operator was not sharing ephemeris. Until five hours before the conjunction, the close approach was anticipated to be ~9,000 meters—considered a safe miss-distance with zero probability of collision. With just five hours to go, the third-party satellite performed a maneuver which changed its trajectory and collapsed the anticipated miss distance to just ~60 meters. Stargaze quickly detected this maneuver and published an updated trajectory to the screening platform, generating new CDMs which were immediately distributed to relevant satellites. Ultimately, the Starlink satellite was able to react within an hour of the maneuver being detected, planning an avoidance maneuver to reduce collision risk back down to zero.

With so little time to react, this would not have been possible by relying on legacy radar systems or high-latency conjunction screening processes. If observations of the third-party satellite were less frequent, conjunction screening took longer, or the reaction required human approval, such an event might not have been successfully mitigated.

While Stargaze embodies a major improvement to the ability of any operator to fly safely, it is imperative for operators to frequently share ephemeris of their own fleets. This is particularly true for operators with maneuvering vehicles. While Stargaze can detect maneuvers more quickly than any other system in use today, the most definitive source of satellite trajectories should be provided by operators themselves, allowing deconfliction and minimizing collision avoidance maneuvers. Starlink ephemeris is updated and shared publicly every hour, and all other operators should do the same. An appropriate analogy is commercial aviation: there are hundreds of thousands of flights of aircraft daily, but they are able to avoid collisions because they broadcast their location and flight plan to other aircraft. Similarly, spacecraft operators should follow this minimal standard of sharing their predicted trajectory.

By providing this ephemeris sharing and conjunction screening service free of charge, we hope to motivate operators to take similar steps towards ephemeris sharing and safe flight.

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