Authored by Tom Ozimek via The Epoch Times (emphasis ours),

Millions of taxpayers could face unexpected delays in receiving their tax refunds beginning this filing season, as the IRS rolls out new procedures tied to its shift away from paper checks and toward mandatory electronic payments.

Under changes taking effect for refunds claimed on 2025 tax returns filed in 2026, the IRS will temporarily freeze refunds in many cases where direct deposit information is missing, incorrect, or rejected by a bank, according to recent guidance published by the Taxpayer Advocate Service.

“The IRS will still process individual income tax returns (Form 1040 series) filed without bank account information,” the guidance states. “However, the IRS will temporarily freeze the refund until the taxpayer provides direct deposit information or requests a paper check.”

The changes are part of a broader federal effort to modernize payments, reduce fraud, and cut administrative costs. But advocates say taxpayers who are unaware of the new rules could experience weekslong delays if they fail to take simple steps before or after filing.

“I applaud the goal of modernization, particularly efforts that reduce the IRS’s dependence on paper,” National Taxpayer Advocate Erin Collins said in a December 2025 statement, describing paper processing as the IRS’s “kryptonite” that has long been a source of operational delays, inefficiencies, and greater vulnerability to theft.

Treasury checks are 16 times more likely to be stolen, lost, or altered than electronic payments and, once compromised, they can result in a long and stressful process for taxpayers to resolve the problem.

“To avoid refund delays, I strongly encourage taxpayers to provide their direct deposit information on their 2025 tax return or update their direct deposit information through their IRS online account,” Collins said in December, while calling on the IRS to communicate the changes to taxpayers and provide them with resources that they will need to comply with the new rules.

“Millions of taxpayers depend on their refunds to meet their basic living expenses, and they should not be surprised by unanticipated delays.”

The IRS has outlined specific scenarios in which refunds may be temporarily frozen under the updated rules.

When Refunds May Be Frozen—and What Happens Next

Beginning in 2026, the IRS will continue to accept and process individual income tax returns even if taxpayers do not provide direct deposit information. In those cases, however, the agency will place a temporary hold on the refund rather than automatically issuing a paper check.

Refunds may also be frozen when a bank rejects a direct deposit due to incorrect routing numbers, closed accounts, or other verification issues. Under the new system, most rejected deposits will no longer be automatically reissued as paper checks, requiring taxpayers to take action to release the funds.

Some groups are excluded from the freeze rules, including international taxpayers, minors, prisoners, taxpayers with approved religious exceptions, and decedent estates.

When a refund is frozen, the IRS will send a CP53E notice explaining the reason for the hold and outlining the steps required to move the refund forward.

What to Do If Your Refund Is Frozen

The CP53E notice instructs taxpayers to update or add direct deposit information through their IRS Online Account. Taxpayers generally have 30 days from the date of the notice to respond.

Once new bank information is submitted and successfully verified, the IRS will issue the refund by direct deposit. The agency advises taxpayers to allow two to five days for refund status updates to appear online and to monitor progress using the “Where’s My Refund” tool.

If no action is taken within the 30-day window, the IRS will issue a paper check after six weeks. However, taxpayers are given only one chance to update their banking information.

“You will only have one opportunity to add or update your bank account using your online account,” the IRS said in recently updated guidance. “If your direct deposit is not accepted by the bank and is rejected, we will issue a paper check.”

The CP53E notice includes a toll-free, information-only phone line that provides recorded explanations of the notice and next steps. IRS employees cannot update bank account information over the phone, and taxpayers must use their online account to make changes.

Taxpayers who do not have a bank account or online access must call the IRS’s main customer service number to request that their refund be converted to a paper check, according to the Taxpayer Advocate Service.

Most refund freezes can be avoided with careful preparation, the service said in the guidance, which urges taxpayers to double-check routing and account numbers before filing, use direct deposit whenever possible, and set up or access an IRS Online Account in advance so they can respond quickly if action is required.