Rust - 4.5s Initial Rust v2 - 2.60s Replace std HashMap with fxHashMap by phazer99 Rust v3 - 1.28s Preallocate and reuse map and unstable sort by vdrmn and Darksonn Rust v4 - 0.13s Use Post index as key instead of Pointer and Binary Heap by RB5009 Rust v5 38ms 52ms Rm hashing from loop and use vec[count] instead of map[index]count by RB5009 Rust v6 23ms 36ms Optimized Binary Heap Ops by scottlamb Rust Rayon 9ms 22ms Parallelize by masmullin2000 Rust Rayon 8ms 22ms Remove comparison out of hot loop ⠀ ⠀ ⠀ ⠀ Go - 1.5s Initial Go v2 - 80ms Add rust optimizations Go v3 56ms 70ms Use goccy/go-json Go v3 34ms 55ms Use generic binaryheap by DrBlury Go v4 26ms 50ms Replace binary heap with custom priority queue Go v5 20ms 43ms Remove comparison out of hot loop Go Con 10ms 33ms Go concurrency by tirprox and DrBlury Go Con v2 5ms 29ms Use arena, use waitgroup, rm binheap by DrBlury ⠀ ⠀ ⠀ ⠀ Python - 7.81s Initial Python v2 1.35s 1.53s Add rust optimizations by dave-andersen Numpy 0.57s 0.85s Numpy implementation by Copper280z ⠀ ⠀ ⠀ ⠀ Crystal 50ms 96ms Inital w/ previous optimizations Crystal v2 33ms 72ms Replace binary heap with custom priority queue ⠀ ⠀ ⠀ ⠀ Odin 110ms 397ms Ported from golang code Odin v2 104ms 404ms Remove comparison out of hot loop ⠀ ⠀ ⠀ ⠀ Dart VM 125ms 530ms Ported from golang code Dart bin 274ms 360ms Compiled executable ⠀ ⠀ ⠀ ⠀ Vlang 339ms 560ms Ported from golang code ⠀ ⠀ ⠀ ⠀ Zig 80ms 110ms Provided by akhildevelops